Double hemispheric Microdialysis study in poor-grade SAH patients

Abstract

Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a dreadful complication present in 30% of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. DCI prediction and prevention are burdensome in poor grade SAH patients (WFNS 4-5). Therefore, defining an optimal neuromonitoring strategy might be cumbersome. Cerebral microdialysis (CMD) offers near-real-time regional metabolic data of the surrounding brain. However, unilateral neuromonitoring strategies obviate the diffuse repercussions of SAH. To assess the utility, indications and therapeutic implications of bilateral CMD in poor grade SAH patients. Poor grade SAH patients eligible for multimodal neuromonitoring were prospectively collected. Aneurysm location and blood volume were assessed on initial Angio-CT scans. CMD probes were bilaterally implanted and maintained, at least, for 48 hours (h). Ischemic events were defined as a Lactate/Pyruvate ratio >40 and Glucose concentration <0.7 mmol/L. 16 patients were monitored for 1725 h, observing ischemic events during 260 h (15.1%). Simultaneous bilateral ischemic events were rare (5 h, 1.9%). The established threshold of ≥7 ischemic events displayed a specificity and sensitivity for DCI of 96.2% and 83.3%, respectively. Bilateral CMD is a safe and useful strategy to evaluate areas at risk of suffering DCI in SAH patients. Metabolic crises occur bilaterally but rarely simultaneously. Hence, unilateral neuromonitoring strategies underestimate the risk of infarction and the possibility to offset its consequences.