Title:
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Targeting cattle for malaria elimination: marked reduction of
Anopheles arabiensis survival for over six months using a
slow-release ivermectin implant formulation
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Author:
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Chaccour, Carlos; Ngha'bi, Kija; Abizanda, Gloria; Irigoyen Barrio, Angel; Aldaz, Azucena; Okumu, Fredros O.; Slater, Hannah; Pozo, Jose Luis Del; Killeen, Gerry
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Abstract:
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BACKGROUND: Mosquitoes that feed on animals can survive and
mediate residual transmission of malaria even after most humans
have been protected with insecticidal bednets or indoor residual
sprays. Ivermectin is a widely-used drug for treating parasites
of humans and animals that is also insecticidal, killing
mosquitoes that feed on treated subjects. Mass administration of
ivermectin to livestock could be particularly useful for
tackling residual malaria transmission by zoophagic vectors that
evade human-centred approaches. Ivermectin comes from a
different chemical class to active ingredients currently used to
treat bednets or spray houses, so it also has potential for
mitigating against emergence of insecticide resistance. However,
the duration of insecticidal activity obtained with ivermectin
is critical to its effectiveness and affordability. RESULTS: A
slow-release formulation for ivermectin was implanted into
cattle, causing 40 weeks of increased mortality among Anopheles
arabiensis that fed on them. For this zoophagic vector of
residual malaria transmission across much of Africa, the
proportion surviving three days after feeding (typical mean
duration of a gonotrophic cycle in field populations) was
approximately halved for 25 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: This implantable
ivermectin formulation delivers stable and sustained
insecticidal activity for approximately 6 months. Residual
malaria transmission by zoophagic vectors could be suppressed by
targeting livestock with this long-lasting formulation, which
would be impractical or unacceptable for mass treatment of human
populations. |
Subject(s):
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-Malària -Farmacocinètica -Anopheles -Malaria -Pharmacokinetics -Anopheles |
Rights:
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cc by (c) Chaccour et al., 2018
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ |
Document type:
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Article Article - Published version |
Published by:
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BioMed Central
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