No Switching Cooperativity between Coordinated Azo Ligands on Complexes Having {M^II(phosphane-κ²<em>P</em>)}²⁺ (M = Pd, Pt) Scaffolds

Abstract

A series of square-planar palladium and platinum compounds with cis-blocking phosphanes and terminal azobenzene ligands ${[M(dppp)-(azo)_{2}] (OTf)_{2} (azo = CN(C_{6}H_{4})-N = N-(C_{6}H_{4})CN (iso-cyano), CN(C_{6}H_{4})-N = N-(C_{6}H_{5}) (iso-Ph)) and [{M_{2}(tpbz)}(azo)_{4}](OTf)_{4}(azo = CN(C_{6}H_{4})-N = N-(C_{6}H_{5})}$ have been synthesized and fully characterised. Similarly to the uncoordinated ligands, the new coordination compounds have shown to be photochemically active with respect to their trans-to-cis isomerization process. Their cis-to-trans back spontaneous reaction have been studied as a function of solvent, temperature and pressure and the corresponding activation parameters determined in order to investigate the mechanism of these transformations. The results obtained are indicative of the operation of a rotational mechanism with no cooperativity between the azo ligands attached to the same metal. DFT calculations have been carried out in order to estimate the relative energies of the different photoisomers for the theoretical interpretation of the experimental data.