Nutritional, molecular, and functional properties of a novel enzymatically hydrolyzed porcine plasma product

Abstract

In the present study, an enzymatically hydrolyzed porcine plasma (EHPP) was nutritionally and molecularly characterized. EHPP molecular characterization showed, in contrast to spray-dried plasma (SDP), many peptides with relative molecular masses (Mr) below 8,000, constituting 73% of the protein relative abundance. IIAPPER, a well-known bioactive peptide with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, was identified. In vivo functionality of EHPP was tested in <em>C</em>. <em>elegans </em>and two different mouse models of intestinal inflammation. In <em>C</em>. <em>elegans </em>subjected to lipopolysaccharide exposure, EHPP displayed a substantial anti-inflammatory effect, enhancing survival and motility by 40% and 21.5%, respectively. Similarly, in mice challenged with <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>enterotoxin B or <em>Escherichia coli </em>O42, EHPP and SDP supplementation (8%) increased body weight and average daily gain while reducing the percentage of regulatory Th lymphocytes. Furthermore, both products mitigated the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression associated with these challenged mouse models. In contrast, some significant differences were observed in markers such as <em>Il-6 </em>and <em>Tnf-α</em>, suggesting that the products may present different action mechanisms. In conclusion, EHPP demonstrated similar beneficial health effects to SDP, potentially attributable to the immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity of its characteristic low Mr bioactive peptides.