Multi-band radio environment characterization, optimal frequency selection, and ground station development for small satellite communications

Abstract

This project addresses the deployment of ground station infrastructure for small satellite communications through comprehensive multi-band radio frequency environment characterization and complete system development. A nine-month experimental campaign characterized the radio environment at the proposed ground station location across UHF, S-band, and X-band using low-cost software-defined radio hardware (HackRF One). The methodology combined omnidirectional spectrum monitoring with comprehensive directional measurements to determine three-dimensional spatial distribution of interference sources. Extended one-week monitoring campaigns captured both persistent and transient interference patterns, enabling identification of optimal operating conditions and operational mitigation strategies. Based on comprehensive interference analysis, specific operating frequencies were selected for satellite transponders and ground station operations, confirming deployment viability. The project culminated in complete infrastructure preparation including transceptor redesign employing the bladeRF xA4 SDR platform integrated with Endurosat's management system and comprehensive material procurement. This work demonstrates that systematic radio environment characterization and ground station deployment are achievable using low-cost SDR hardware, providing replicable methodologies for small satellite operators facing similar spectrum coordination challenges.

9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura