Biomedicina: Enviaments recents
Ara mostrant els elements 201-220 de 779
Cell Migration Driven by Cooperative Substrate Deformation Patterns
Most eukaryotic cells sense and respond to the mechanical properties of their surroundings. This can strongly influence their collective behavior in embryonic development, tissue function, and wound healing. We use a ...
Collective cell durotaxis emerges from long-range intercellular force transmission
The ability of cells to follow gradients of extracellular matrix stiffness-durotaxis-has been implicated in development, fibrosis, and cancer. Here, we found multicellular clusters that exhibited durotaxis even if isolated ...
Technology for noninvasive mechanical ventilation: looking into the black box
Current devices for providing noninvasive respiratory support contain sensors and built-in intelligence for automatically modifying ventilation according to the patient's needs. These devices, including automatic continuous ...
Quantifying forces in cell biology
Cells exert, sense, and respond to physical forces through an astounding diversity of mechanisms. Here we review recently developed tools to quantify the forces generated by cells. We first review technologies based on ...
The force loading rate drives cell mechanosensing through both reinforcement and cytoskeletal softening.
Cell response to force regulates essential processes in health and disease. However, the fundamental mechanical variables that cells sense and respond to remain unclear. Here we show that the rate of force application ...
Development of Cell-Derived Matrices for Three-Dimensional In Vitro Cancer Cell Models
Most morphogenetic and pathological processes are driven by cells responding to the surrounding matrix, such as its composition, architecture, and mechanical properties. Despite increasing evidence for the role of extracellular ...
A mechanically active heterotypic E-cadherin/N-cadherin adhesion enables fibroblasts to drive cancer cell invasion
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote tumour invasion and metastasis. We show that CAFs exert a physical force on cancer cells that enables their collective invasion. Force transmission is mediated by a heterophilic ...
Integrins as biomechanical sensors of the microenvironment
Integrins, and integrin-mediated adhesions, have long been recognized to provide the main molecular link attaching cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to serve as bidirectional hubs transmitting signals between ...
Regulation of cell cycle progression by cell-cell and cell-matrix forces
It has long been proposed that the cell cycle is regulated by physical forces at the cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interfaces. However, the evolution of these forces during the cycle has never been measured ...
Monitoring developmental force distributions in reconstituted embryonic epithelia.
The way cells are organized within a tissue dictates how they sense and respond to extracellular signals, as cues are received and interpreted based on expression and organization of receptors, downstream signaling proteins, ...
Cytoskeletal Safeguards: Protecting the Nucleus from Mechanical Perturbations
The cell nucleus plays a key role in cellular mechanoresponses. 3D genome organisation, gene expression, and cell behaviour, in general, are affected by mechanical force application to the nucleus, which is transmitted ...
Optogenetic control of cellular forces and mechanotransduction
Contractile forces are the end effectors of cell migration, division, morphogenesis, wound healing and cancer invasion. Here we report optogenetic tools to upregulate and downregulate such forces with high spatiotemporal ...
Discussion of 'Cytoskeletal Mechanics Regulating Amoeboid Cell Locomotion' (Alvarez-Gonzalez, B.; Bastounis, E.; Meili, R.; del Alamo, J. C.; Firtel, R. A.; Lasheras, J. C.; 2014, Applied Mechanichs Reviews, 66(5), p. 050804)
A virtually universal feature of adherent cells is their ability to exert traction forces. To measure these forces, several methods have been developed over the past 15 years. In this issue of Applied Mechanics Reviews, ...
Interleukin-1β Modulation of the Mechanobiology of Primary Human Pulmonary Fibroblasts: Potential Implications in Lung Repair
Pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are upregulated during early responses to tissue damage and are expected to transiently compromise the mechanical microenvironment. Fibroblasts are key regulators of ...
Active Tensile Modulus of an Epithelial Monolayer
A general trait of cell monolayers is their ability to exert contractile stresses on their surroundings. The scaling laws that link such contractile stresses with the size and geometry of constituent cells remain largely ...
Force loading explains spatial sensing of ligands by cells
Cells can sense the density and distribution of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules by means of individual integrin proteins and larger, integrin-containing adhesion complexes within the cell membrane. This spatial sensing ...
Mechanochemical feedback control of dynamin independent endocytosis modulates membrane tension in adherent cells
Plasma membrane tension regulates many key cellular processes. It is modulated by, and can modulate, membrane trafficking. However, the cellular pathway(s) involved in this interplay is poorly understood. Here we find that, ...
Mechanical force application to the nucleus regulates nucleocytoplasmic transport
Mechanical force controls fundamental cellular processes in health and disease, and increasing evidence shows that the nucleus both experiences and senses applied forces. Such forces can lead to the nuclear translocation ...
Regional and subtype-dependent miRNA signatures in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are accompanied by alterations in miRNA silencing machinery and biogenesis
Increasing evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) are contributing factors to neurodegeneration. Alterations in miRNA signatures have been reported in several neurodegenerative dementias, but data in prion diseases are ...
Nucleocytoplasmic transport senses mechanics independently of cell density in cell monolayers
Cells sense and respond to mechanical forces through mechanotransduction, which regulates processes in health and disease. In single adhesive cells, mechanotransduction involves the transmission of force from the extracellular ...
