The digitalization of the working environment: the advent of robotics, automation and artificial intelligence (RAAI) from the employees perspective - a scoping review

Abstract

Robotics, automation and artificial intelligence (RAAI) are changing how work gets done, but there is a shortage of research on their impact from the employees' perspectives. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to explore the existing research to support policymakers as well as managers' decisions and to stimulate further research on the aspects that have received less attention. The main conclusions are the following: a) the majority of employees seem to be unaware of the major changes that will occur and do not feel threatened; b) the service industries are probably going to be most affected and therefore further studies addressing different sectors and occupations are needed; c) involving employees in the transition process may provide good results and reduce social cost; d) a significantly different perception is observed between employees from Europe and the USA and those from Asia Pacific and Latin America; e) companies should focus on how to train their employees with appropriate skills, which would encourage positive attitudes and behaviors from employees.