Author:
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Paaijmans, Krijn P.; Brustollin, Marco; Aranda, Carles; Eritja, Roger; Talavera, Sandra; Pagès, Nonito; Huijben, Silvie
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Abstract:
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A range of mosquito species that belong to the Culicidae
family are responsible for the worldwide transmission of
infectious arboviral diseases such as dengue fever, Zika, West
Nile fever and Chikungunya fever. Spain is at risk of arbovirus
outbreaks, as various arboviral diseases are frequently
introduced and it has established competent vector populations.
Autochthonous human cases of West Nile virus have been reported
infrequently since 2004, and since October 2018 three
autochthonous human case of dengue fever have been confirmed. In
response to an outbreak of any arboviral disease, space spraying
or fogging will be implemented to control adult mosquito
populations. To ensure adulticiding is cost-effective, the
insecticide susceptibility status of vectors throughout
Catalonia, an autonomous region in north-eastern Spain, was
assessed through standardized WHO tube and CDC bottle bioassays.
All Culex pipiens populations tested were resistant to at least
one of the pyrethroids tested, whereas Aedes albopictus
populations were susceptible to all pyrethroids tested. More
detailed studies on the Cx. pipiens populations from the
Barcelona area (the capital and largest city of Catalonia)
revealed resistance to all four classes of public health
insecticides available (pyrethroids, carbamates,
organophosphates and organochlorides). All Ae. albopictus
populations were susceptible to those classes, except for one of
the tests performed with pirimiphos-methyl (an organophosphate).
Pyrethroids are currently the first line chemical class to be
used in space spray operations in response to an outbreak of an
arboviral disease. While pyrethroids can be effective in
reducing Ae. albopictus populations, this class may not be
effective to control Cx. pipiens populations. |