dc.contributor |
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Òptica i Optometria |
dc.contributor |
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. VOS - Visió, Optometria i Salut |
dc.contributor.author |
Rius Ulldemolins, Anna |
dc.contributor.author |
Benach de Rovira, Joan |
dc.contributor.author |
Guisasola València, Laura |
dc.contributor.author |
Artazcoz Lazcano, Lucía |
dc.date |
2018-11-29 |
dc.identifier.citation |
Rius, A. [et al.]. Why are there gender inequalities in visual impairment?. "European Journal of Public Health", 29 Novembre 2018, vol 29, núm. 4, p. 661-666. |
dc.identifier.citation |
1464-360X |
dc.identifier.citation |
10.1093/eurpub/cky245 |
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/130141 |
dc.language.iso |
eng |
dc.publisher |
Oxford University Press |
dc.rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spain |
dc.rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
dc.rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ |
dc.subject |
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Ciències de la visió::Aspectes socials |
dc.subject |
Vision disorders |
dc.subject |
Blindness |
dc.subject |
Regional economic disparities |
dc.subject |
Sexism |
dc.subject |
Epidemiology |
dc.subject |
Ceguesa |
dc.subject |
Sexisme |
dc.subject |
Epidemiologia |
dc.subject |
Desigualtats econòmiques regionals |
dc.subject |
Trastorns de la visió |
dc.title |
Why are there gender inequalities in visual impairment? |
dc.type |
info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion |
dc.type |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.description.abstract |
Background
In high-income countries, the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment is higher among women, regardless of age although the mechanisms that produce these gender inequalities are not well understood. The objectives of this study were to analyse gender inequalities in the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment, age of onset, diagnosed and undiagnosed status and related eye diseases among visually impaired individuals.
Methods
Data were obtained from the 2008 Spanish Survey on ‘Disability, Personal Autonomy and Dependency Situations’ (n = 213 626) participants 360 blind (160 men and 200 women), and 5560 with some visual impairment (2025 men and 3535 women). The prevalence of blindness and visual impairment, age of onset of visual impairment and diagnosed and undiagnosed eye diseases was calculated. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression models were fit to test gender differences.
Results
Women were more likely to report visual impairment (crude OR = 1.6 [95% CI: 1.56–1.74]). Prevalence of diagnosed cataract was higher among visually impaired women (crude OR = 1.4 [95% CI: 1.25–1.67]) whereas undiagnosed eye disease (crude OR = 0.7 [95% CI: 0.64–0.81]) or diagnosed glaucoma (aORsex = 0.8 [95% CI: 0.65–0.93]) were more frequent among visually impairment men. These associations were not explained by age or educational level.
Conclusions
Strong gender inequalities were observed, with a higher prevalence of visual impairment and related cataracts among women, which could be related to gender inequalities in access to health care, and undiagnosed eye disease and related glaucoma among men, which could be related to their gender socialization resulting in less frequent and effectively use of health care services. |