Smartphone use by children in fast food restaurants in Barcelona (Spain): a direct observation study

Other title

Uso de smartphones por niños/as en restaurantes de comida rápida en Barcelona (España). Estudio de observación directa

Publication date

2024



Abstract

Objective: To explore the use of smartphones at mealtimes by children in fast food restaurants in the city of Barcelona and to assess the variables associated with this use. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out. Data from 1616 children of estimated ages between 4 to 10 years were collected in fast-food restaurants in the ten districts of Barcelona between October 2021 and July 2022. The percentage of smartphone use, overall and according to covariates, were calculated. Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests, and crude and adjusted Poisson regression models with robust variance, were carried out to assess the association between use and covariates. Results: Direct observation revealed that in 28.1% of meals with children at fast food restaurants, children used smartphones. Smartphone use was significantly higher in older children if their caregivers were younger than 30 years and when there was no caregiver-child interaction. In the adjusted model, higher patterns of smartphone use were associated with older children (aPR [95% CI]: 1.36[1.20-1.55]) and younger parents (aPR [95% CI]: 1.38[1.09-1.73]). Conclusions: Almost one in three meals with children at fast-food restaurants in Barcelona involves smartphone use. This finding underlines the importance of raising awareness of responsible screen use and promoting healthier environments for children at mealtimes.


Objetivo: Explorar el uso de smartphones en los actos de comida en niños/as en restaurantes de comida rápida de la ciudad de Barcelona y evaluar las variables asociadas a este uso. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal. Se recogieron datos de 1616 niños/as de edades estimadas entre 4 y 10 años en restaurantes de comida rápida de los diez distritos de Barcelona entre octubre de 2021 y julio de 2022. Se calculó el porcentaje de uso de smartphones, global y según covariables. Se realizaron pruebas de Chi-cuadrado y exacta de Fisher, y modelos de regresión de Poisson crudos y ajustados con varianza robusta, para evaluar la asociación entre el uso y las covariables. Resultados: La observación directa reveló que en el 28,1% de las comidas realizadas con niños/as en restaurantes de comida rápida, estos/estas utilizaban smartphones. El uso de smartphones fue significativamente mayor en niños/as mayores, si sus cuidadores/as eran menores de 30 años y cuando no había interacción entre cuidador/a y niño/a. En el modelo ajustado, los patrones más altos de uso de teléfonos inteligentes se asociaron con niños mayores (aPR [95% IC]: 1.36[1.20-1.55]) y padres más jóvenes (aPR [95% IC]: 1.38[1.09-1.73]). Conclusiones: En casi una de cada tres comidas con niños/as en restaurantes de comida rápida de Barcelona se utiliza el smartphone. Este hallazgo subraya la importancia de concienciar sobre el uso responsable de las pantallas y promover entornos más saludables para los/las niños/as en el momento de comer.

Document Type

Article

Document version

Published version

Language

English

CDU Subject

Pages

7

Publisher

Elsevier

Published in

Gaceta Sanitaria

Collection

38

Note

This study has been funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain (ref.: PID2021-122272OBI00) and by ERDF/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) funds - a way to build Europe. The Health Determinants and Health Policy Evaluation Group is supported by the Department of Universities and Research of the Generalitat de Catalunya (grant number 2021SGR00186).

Grant Agreement Number

info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PE/PID2021-122272OBI00

Recommended citation

de Paz-Cantos, Sonia; González-Marrón, Adrián; Lidón-Moyano, Cristina [et al.]. Smartphone use by children in fast food restaurants in Barcelona (Spain): a direct observation study. Gaceta Sanitaria, 2024, 38, 102421. Disponible en: <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000736?via%3Dihub>. Fecha de acceso: 16 dic. 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102421

Rights

Under a Creative Commons license

Under a Creative Commons license

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