Oil palm-based nanocrystalline cellulose in the emulsion system of cyclic natural rubber

Abstract

The oil palm's nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) has been successfully isolated and characterized, also it has been applied in the emulsion system of cyclic natural rubber (CNR). Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) has been isolated and characterized from the lower part of empty fruit bunches (LEFB) by acid hydrolysis and followed by ultrasonication treatment. The obtained NCC has characteristic, such as (i) the crystallinity index of NCC was 77.84% and the dimension of NCC was 30-450 nm and 20-35 nm of length and width, respectively. The utilization of NCC in the emulsion's system of CNR can improve the stability of the emulsion system that measured by ESI value. The emulsion's system of CNR has divided into two groups based on the type of surfactants, such as Tween 80 and Lutrol F127. In the emulsion that prepared by Tween 80, at 28th days after the addition of NCC (2-29% of fibril dosages), the ESI value was in the range 70-100% and linear with the fibril dosages