Recent technology advancements in smart city management: a review

Abstract

The rapid population growth, insecure lifestyle, wastage of natural resources, indiscipline behavior of human beings, urgency in the medical field, security of patient information, agricultural-related problems, and automation requirements in industries are the reasons for invention of technologies. Smart cities aim to address these challenges through the integration of technology, data, and innovative practices. Building a smart city involves integrating advanced technologies and data-driven solutions to enhance urban living, improve resource efficiency, and create sustainable environments. This review presents five of the most critical technologies for smart and/or safe cities, addressing pertinent topics such as intelligent traffic management systems, information and communications technology, blockchain technology, re-identification, and the Internet of Things. The challenges, observations, and remarks of each technology in solving problems are discussed, and the dependency effects on the technologies' performance are also explored. Especially deep learning models for various applications are analyzed. Different models performance, their dependency on dataset size, type, hyper-parameters, and the non-availability of labels or ground truth are discussed.