The constant evolution of wireless handheld devices together with the apparition of multiple wireless communication systemsfosters the antenna community to design new radiating and measurements systems capable of satisfying the market demands. It isan object of the present paper to provide an overview of the evolution that wireless handheld technology has experienced in thelast years. In this sense, a description of the evolution of wireless handheld devices, regulations, challenges in today’s smartphones,and handset characterization is reviewed. Finally, recent advances in antenna technology for wireless handheld or portable devicesare presented.