This paper presents the results of the petrographic, mineralogical and chemical characterization of Late Roman amphorae from a sixth-century context found in the Medieval Cathedral of Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain). This city had an intense port activity in Late Antiquity as the capital of Hispania Tarraconensis and, from the late 5th century, as an important Visigothic centre. A total of 41 amphora samples were analyzed using a combination and X-ray diffraction, in order to obtain information on their provenance and technology. They comprise African, southern Hispanic and eastern Mediterranean types, mainly dated to the 5th and 6th centuries. The analysis revealed a wide diversity of chemical-petrographic groups and subgroups, indicating the import of amphorae from several production centres, in many cases being possible to determine their particular provenance. A large part of the analyzed samples corresponds to Tunisian amphorae, arriving in the 5th century mainly from workshops located in the Zeugitana region, while later amphora types, more typical of the 6th to early 7th centuries, are mostly related to a provenance in the Byzacena. For Southern Hispanic and eastern Mediterranean amphorae different workshops seem to be represented, even for a same amphora type. The results of this study provide new important evidence for a better understanding of the trade networks of Tarraco-Tarracona in Late Antiquity.