Defined chromosome structure in the genome-reduced bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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Title:	Defined chromosome structure in the genome-reduced bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Author:	Trussart, Marie, 1985-; Yus, Eva; Martínez, Sira; Baù, Davide; Tahara, Yuhei O.; Pengo, Thomas; Widjaja, Michael; Kretschmer, Simon; Swoger, Jim; Djordjevic, Steven P.; Turnbull, Lynne; Whitchurch, Cynthia B.; Miyata, Makoto; Martí Renom, Marc A.; Lluch-Senar, Maria 1982-; Serrano Pubull, Luis, 1982-
Abstract:	DNA-binding proteins are central regulators of chromosome organization; however, in genome-reduced bacteria their diversity is largely diminished. Whether the chromosomes of such bacteria adopt defined three-dimensional structures remains unexplored. Here we combine Hi-C and super-resolution microscopy to determine the structure of the Mycoplasma pneumoniae chromosome at a 10 kb resolution. We find a defined structure, with a global symmetry between two arms that connect opposite poles, one bearing the chromosomal Ori and the other the midpoint. Analysis of local structures at a 3 kb resolution indicates that the chromosome is organized into domains ranging from 15 to 33 kb. We provide evidence that genes within the same domain tend to be co-regulated, suggesting that chromosome organization influences transcriptional regulation, and that supercoiling regulates local organization. This study extends the current understanding of bacterial genome organization and demonstrates that a defined chromosomal structure is a universal feature of living systems.
Abstract:	The research leading to these results was funded by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013 to L.S.), through the European Research Council, under grant agreement 232913 to L.S. and 609989 to M.A.M-R., the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 634942 to L.S, the Fundación Botín to L.S., the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BIO2007-61762 to L.S. and BFU2013-47736-P to M.A.M.-R., the National Plan of R+D+i, the ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación- (PI10/01702 to L.S.), the Human Frontiers Science Program (RGP0044 to M.A.M.-R.), the ERASynBio/MINECO Grant PCIN-2015-125 to L.S, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) to L.S. We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, 'Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2013-2017' (SEV-2012-0208). We acknowledge the support of the CERCA Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya.
Subject(s):	-Chromosome structures -Mycoplasma pneumoniae -Molecular modelling -Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma -Pneumonia
Rights:	© The Author(s) 2017. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Document type:	Article Article - Published version
Published by:	Nature Publishing Group
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