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Title:	The positive rhinovirus/enterovirus detection and SARS-CoV-2 persistence beyond the acute infection phase: an intra-household surveillance study
Author:	Brotons de Los Reyes, Pedro; Jordan, Iolanda; Bassat, Quique; Henares, Desirée; Fernandez de Sevilla, Mariona; Ajanovic, Sara; Redin, Alba; Fumado, Vicky; Baro, Bàrbara; Claverol, Joana; Varo, Rosauro; Cuadras, Daniel; Hecht, Jochen; Barrabeig, Irene; Garcia-Garcia, Juan Jose; Launes, Cristian; Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen
Notes:	We aimed to assess the duration of nasopharyngeal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA persistence in adults self-confined at home after acute infection; and to identify the associations of SARS-CoV-2 persistence with respiratory virus co-detection and infection transmission. A cross-sectional intra-household study was conducted in metropolitan Barcelona (Spain) during the time period of April to June 2020. Every adult who was the first family member reported as SARS-CoV-2-positive by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as well as their household child contacts had nasopharyngeal swabs tested by a targeted SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and a multiplex viral respiratory panel after a 15 day minimum time lag. Four-hundred and four households (404 adults and 708 children) were enrolled. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 137 (33.9%) adults and 84 (11.9%) children. Rhinovirus/Enterovirus (RV/EV) was commonly found (83.3%) in co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 in adults. The mean duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA presence in adults’ nasopharynx was 52 days (range 26–83 days). The persistence of SARS-CoV-2 was significantly associated with RV/EV co-infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 9.31; 95% CI 2.57–33.80) and SARS-CoV-2 detection in child contacts (aOR 2.08; 95% CI 1.24–3.51). Prolonged nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA persistence beyond the acute infection phase was frequent in adults quarantined at home during the first epidemic wave; which was associated with RV/EV co-infection and could enhance intra-household infection transmission.
Subject(s):	-COVID-19 (Malaltia) -Rinovirus -Nucli familiar -COVID-19 -Rinovirus -Núcleo familiar -COVID-19 -Rhinovirus -Household -61
Rights:	This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Document type:	Article Article - Published version
Published by:	MDPI
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