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Title:	Ghrelin causes a decline in GABA release by reducing fatty acid oxidation in cortex
Author:	Mir, Joan Francesc; Zagmutt, Sebastián; Lichtenstein, Mathieu P.; García-Villoria, Judit; Weber, Minéia; Gracia, Ana; Fabriàs, Gemma; Casas, Josefina; López, Miguel; Casals i Farré, Núria; Ribes, Antònia; Suñol, Cristina; Herrero Rodríguez, Laura; Serra, Dolors
Notes:	Lipid metabolism, specifically fatty acid oxidation (FAO) mediated by carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) 1A, has been described to be an important actor of ghrelin action in hypothalamus. However, it is not known whether CPT1A and FAO mediate the effect of ghrelin on the cortex. Here, we show that ghrelin produces a differential effect on CPT1 activity and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism in the hypothalamus and cortex of mice. In the hypothalamus, ghrelin enhances CPT1A activity while GABA transaminase (GABAT) activity, a key enzyme in GABA shunt metabolism, is unaltered. However, in cortex CPT1A activity and GABAT activity are reduced after ghrelin treatment. Furthermore, in primary cortical neurons, ghrelin reduces GABA release through a CPT1A reduction. By using CPT1A floxed mice, we have observed that genetic ablation of CPT1A recapitulates the effect of ghrelin on GABA release in cortical neurons, inducing reductions in mitochondrial oxygen consumption, cell content of citrate and α-ketoglutarate, and GABA shunt enzyme activity. Taken together, these observations indicate that ghrelin-induced changes in CPT1A activity modulate mitochondrial function, yielding changes in GABA metabolism. This evidence suggests that the action of ghrelin on GABA release is region specific within the brain, providing a basis for differential effects of ghrelin in the central nervous system.
Subject(s):	-Àcids grassos -Neurones -Hormones -Somatotropina -Hipotàlem -Ácidos grasos -Neuronas -Hormonas -Somatotropina -Hipotálamo -Fatty acids -Neurons -Hormones -Somatotropin -Hypothalamus -61
Rights:	This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Document type:	Article Article - Accepted version
Published by:	Molecular Neurobiology
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