dc.contributor
Institut Català de la Salut
dc.contributor
[Deisenhammer F, Hegen H] Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria. [Arrambide G] Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (CEMCAT), Barcelona, Spain. Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. [Banwell BL] Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA. [Coetzee T] National Multiple Sclerosis Society, New York, NY, USA. [Gnanapavan S] Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. [Montalban X] Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (CEMCAT), Barcelona, Spain. Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Universitat de Vic/Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Spain
dc.contributor
Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus
dc.contributor.author
Deisenhammer, Florian
dc.contributor.author
Arrambide, Georgina
dc.contributor.author
Banwell, Brenda Louise
dc.contributor.author
Coetzee, Timothy
dc.contributor.author
Gnanapavan, Sharmilee
dc.contributor.author
Hegen, Harald
dc.contributor.author
Montalban, Xavier
dc.date.accessioned
2025-11-19T03:00:59Z
dc.date.available
2025-11-19T03:00:59Z
dc.date.issued
2025-11-17T07:27:42Z
dc.date.issued
2025-11-17T07:27:42Z
dc.identifier
Deisenhammer F, Hegen H, Arrambide G, Banwell BL, Coetzee T, Gnanapavan S, et al. Positive cerebrospinal fluid in the 2024 McDonald criteria for multiple sclerosis. eBioMedicine. 2025 Oct;120:105905.
dc.identifier
http://hdl.handle.net/11351/14075
dc.identifier
10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105905
dc.identifier
001594580100002
dc.identifier.uri
https://hdl.handle.net/11351/14075
dc.description.abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid; Criteria; Diagnosis
dc.description.abstract
Líquido cefalorraquídeo; Criterios; Diagnóstico
dc.description.abstract
Líquid cefaloraquidi; Criteris; Diagnòstic
dc.description.abstract
The 2024 McDonald diagnostic criteria for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) introduce kappa free light chains (κ-FLC) detection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which can be used interchangeably with oligoclonal IgG bands (OCB) to demonstrate intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of κ-FLC is equal to OCB on a 95% confidence level. In rare cases determination of both, κ-FLC and OCB should be considered as the concordance rate is around 90%. We recommend calculating the κ-FLC index with values of ≥6.1 performing best for diagnosing MS. Validated turbidimetric or nephelometric assays should be applied for which proficiency testing programs are available. There is some prognostic use of the κ-FLC index with higher values predicting higher disease activity. Neurofilament light (NfL) should not be used for diagnostic purposes although it might be useful for prognosis and disease monitoring. All recommendations apply to paediatric and adult relapsing as well as progressive onset MS.
dc.format
application/pdf
dc.relation
eBioMedicine;120
dc.relation
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105905
dc.rights
Attribution 4.0 International
dc.rights
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject
Esclerosi múltiple - Diagnòstic
dc.subject
Líquid cefaloraquidi
dc.subject
DISEASES::Nervous System Diseases::Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System::Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS::Multiple Sclerosis
dc.subject
Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/diagnosis
dc.subject
ANATOMY::Fluids and Secretions::Body Fluids::Extracellular Fluid::Cerebrospinal Fluid
dc.subject
ENFERMEDADES::enfermedades del sistema nervioso::enfermedades autoinmunitarias del sistema nervioso::enfermedades autoinmunes desmielinizantes del SNC::esclerosis múltiple
dc.subject
Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/diagnóstico
dc.subject
ANATOMÍA::líquidos y secreciones::líquidos corporales::líquido extracelular::líquido cefalorraquídeo
dc.title
Positive cerebrospinal fluid in the 2024 McDonald criteria for multiple sclerosis
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
