Shifting the Perspective Through Participatory Research: Adolescents' Perceptions on Their Needs for Development

Abstract

Most knowledge about child development is based on adults' perceptions, with limited input from children and adolescents, especially those from vulnerable backgrounds. Participatory research involving these youths in the context of protection is emerging. This study aims to enhance understanding of child development through the perspectives of vulnerable adolescents. Twelve adolescents aged 14–18 participated; nine were from vulnerable backgrounds whose families received support from Social Services. Participatory research was facilitated through peer-research and co-production to enhance family understanding of children's needs. Data were collected in the following four phases: (1) identification of categories; (2) analysis and consensus on needs; (3) definition of needs; and (4) validation in a large group. Content analysis was performed on their discussions and outputs. Adolescents identified the same developmental needs as the scientific community but defined them differently, offering a more holistic and interdependent vision. Attachment and relationships were integral to every need, emphasizing their priority. The perspectives of these adolescents are important for understanding child development. Including adolescents as co-investigators provides a more holistic vision and empowers them, improving their expectations and resilience. A comprehensive approach based on their experiences and opinions facilitates a better understanding of development and perceptions of needs.

This study was conducted by the Research Group on Childhood, Adolescence, and Families (GRIAF) (2021 SGR 00513) under the auspices of the Chair Education and Adolescence, with funding provided by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, State Research Agency and European Regional Development Fund (PID2022-137305NB-C21)