Autor/a:
|
Salmon, Maëlle; Mila, Carles; Bhogadi, Santhi; Addanki, Srivalli; Madhira, Pavitra; Muddepaka, Niharika; Mora, Amaravathi; Sánchez, Margaux; Kinra, Sanjay; Sreekanth, V.; Doherty, Aiden; Marshall, Julian D.; Tonne, Cathryn
|
Abstract:
|
Data regarding which microenvironments drive exposure to air
pollution in low and middle income countries are scarce. Our
objective was to identify sources of time-resolved personal
PM2.5 exposure in peri-urban India using wearable camera-derived
microenvironmental information. We conducted a panel study with
up to 6 repeated non-consecutive 24h measurements on 45
participants (186 participant-days). Camera images were manually
annotated to derive visual concepts indicative of
microenvironments and activities. Men had slightly higher daily
mean PM2.5 exposure (43mug/m(3)) compared to women (39mug/m(3)).
Cameras helped identify that men also had higher exposures when
near a biomass cooking unit (mean (sd) mug/m(3): 119 (383) for
men vs 83 (196) for women) and presence in the kitchen (133
(311) for men vs 48 (94) for women). Visual concepts associated
in regression analysis with higher 5-minute PM2.5 for both sexes
included: smoking (+93% (95% confidence interval: 63%, 129%) in
men, +29% (95% CI: 2%, 63%) in women), biomass cooking unit
(+57% (95% CI: 28%, 93%) in men, +69% (95% CI: 48%, 93%) in
women), visible flame or smoke (+90% (95% CI: 48%, 144%) in men,
+39% (95% CI: 6%, 83%) in women), and presence in the kitchen
(+49% (95% CI: 27%, 75%) in men, +14% (95% CI: 7%, 20%) in
women). Our results indicate wearable cameras can provide
objective, high time-resolution microenvironmental data useful
for identifying peak exposures and providing insights not
evident using standard self-reported time-activity. |