Abstract:
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This study aims to present all of the injuries sustained by 17 post-mortem human
surrogates(PMHS)tested in vehicle-pedestrian
impact experiments and explore the injuries,
their sources, mechanisms and clinical
relevance by comparing them to injuries sustained by 24 PMHS from previous literature
and by the pedestrians that were entered into
a recent in-depth database of vehicle pedestrian crashes.
The 17 PMHS were tested in lateral impact by
one of five late model production vehicles at 40 km/h in a controlled laboratory setting
and all of their injuries were examined in
detail.
The Crash Injury Research and Engineering
Network CIREN) program enrolled 67 US vehicle‐pedestrian crash cases between 2002
and 2007, and in-depth analysis of the pedestrians’injuries, injury mechanisms and
sources was conducted by a team of biomechanical engineers, crash investigators
and trauma physicians. The PMHS tests resulted in greater frequency and severity
of spinal injuries, pelvic injuries and
knee injuries than in the case studies, partially due to age and bone quality of the PMHS, and partially due to the effect of active musculature. Both the PMHS and the
case studies showed that sustaining a knee
or leg injury in one lower extremity
protects against sustaining a concomitant
leg or knee injury to the same lower extremity. |