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Title:	Requirements, issues, and challenges for sense and avoid in Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Author:	Prats Menéndez, Xavier; Delgado Muñoz, Luis; Ramírez Alcántara, Jorge; Royo Chic, Pablo; Pastor Llorens, Enric
Other authors:	Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors; Escola d'Enginyeria de Telecomunicació i Aeroespacial de Castelldefels; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ICARUS - Intelligent Communications and Avionics for Robust Unmanned Aerial Systems
Abstract:	The sense and avoid capability is one of the greatest challenges that has to be addressed to safely integrate unmanned aircraft systems into civil and nonsegregated airspace. This paper gives a review of existing regulations, recommended practices, and standards in sense and avoid for unmanned aircraft systems. Gaps and issues are identified, as are the different factors that are likely to affect actual sense and avoid requirements. It is found that the operational environment (flight altitude, meteorological conditions, and class of airspace) plays an important role when determining the type of flying hazards that the unmanned aircraft system might encounter. In addition, the automation level and the data-link architecture of the unmanned aircraft system are key factors that will definitely determine the sense and avoid system requirements. Tactical unmanned aircraft, performing similar missions to general aviation, are found to be the most challenging systems from an sense and avoid point of view, and further research and development efforts are still needed before their seamless integration into nonsegregated airspace.
Abstract:	Peer Reviewed
Subject(s):	-Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Aeronàutica i espai::Aviònica -Drone aircraft--Safety regulations -Drone aircraft--Standards -Avions no tripulats -- Normes
Rights:	Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spain http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
Document type:	Article - Published version Article
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