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Low carbon and low embodied energy materials in buildings: A review
Cabeza, Luisa F.; Barreneche Güerisoli, Camila; Miró, Laia; Morera Prat, Josep M.; Bartolí, Ester; Fernández Renna, Ana Inés
This paper presents a review of the literature on low carbon and low embodied energy materials in buildings. Embodied energy is defined and discussed vs. operating energy of buildings and its growing importance due to the implementation of the Energy Building Performance Directive (EBPD) in Europeas example. The difficulty of measuring embodied energy and the difficulty in comparing published data are highlighted, showing an example of proposed new methodology found in the literature. Relationship between embodied energy and embodied CO2 or CO2 footprint is defined. Different materials defined in the literature as low carbon materials are referred, such as cement and concrete, wood, bricks, rammed earth and sandstone. The review shows the research efforts found in the literature to develop new materials with less embodied energy. Finally, the effect of material substitution in the embodied energy of a building is reviewed in the literature. This work is partially funded by the Spanish government (ENE2011-28269-C03-02) and the European Union (COST Action TU0802). The authors would like to thank the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to their research group GREA (2009 SGR 534) and research group DIOPMA (2009 SGR 645).
-Low energy materials
-Low carbon materials
-Embodied energy
(c) Elsevier, 2013
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