https://hdl.handle.net/2072/6 www.upf.edu Fri, 03 Apr 2026 13:40:22 GMT 2026-04-03T13:40:22Z http://recercat.cat:80/bitstream/id/9c69ca4e-0967-4f7e-a382-4908a73f6347/ https://hdl.handle.net/2072/6 https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72953 Association between oral anticoagulant therapy and in-hospital complications and mortality Lagrave, Juliana; Domingo, Laia; Barceló-Vidal, Jaime; Comas Serrano, Mercè; Jimenez, Carmen; Ferrández, Olivia; Castells, Xavier; Sala i Serra, Maria Aims: This study aimed to identify patterns of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) and vitamin K antagonist (VKA) use in hospitalized patients and to examine their association with in-hospital haemorrhagic complications and mortality. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among hospitalized patients ≥18 years from 2018 to 2022. Data on hospital discharges were obtained from the minimum data set and were matched with pharmacy records to identify patients treated with DOACs or VKAs. In-hospital haemorrhagic complications and mortality rates were calculated for study groups. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs), adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities. Analyses were stratified by medical and surgical profiles. Statistical significance was set at .05. Results: The study included 74 190 patients, with 4774 receiving DOACs and 1768 VKAs. During the study period, DOAC use increased by 45.11%. DOAC-treated patients had lower complication rates than those treated with VKAs (1.9 vs. 2.8%, respectively; P = .032). DOAC use was linked to a lower risk of haemorrhagic complications in surgical patients (OR = 0.65; 95%CI: 0.35-0.91), while in medical patients, the reduction in risk was not statistically significant (OR = 0.59; 95%CI: 0.33-1.10). No effect on mortality risk was observed among medical and surgical patients. Conclusions: The increased use of DOACs among hospitalized patients showed a protective effect against haemorrhagic complications in surgical patients, supporting their increasing use in hospital settings. Wed, 01 Apr 2026 12:04:12 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72953 2026-04-01T12:04:12Z https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72947 Loss of normal facial asymmetry in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: implications for development of brain asymmetry in psychotic illness Sukno, Federico Mateo; Kelly, Brendan D.; Lane, Abbie; Katina, Stanislav; Rojas, Mario A; Whelan, Paul F.; Waddington, John L. Development of the craniofacies occurs in embryological intimacy with development of the brain and both show normal left-right asymmetries. While facial dysmorphology occurs to excess in psychotic illness, facial asymmetry has yet to be investigated as a putative index of brain asymmetry. Ninety-three subjects (49 controls, 22 schizophrenia, 22 bipolar disorder) received 3D laser surface imaging of the face. On geometric morphometric analysis with (x, y, z) visualisations of statistical models for facial asymmetries, in controls the upper face and periorbital region, which share embryological intimacy with the forebrain, showed marked asymmetries. Their geometry included: along the x-axis, rightward asymmetry in its dorsal-medial aspects and leftward asymmetry in its ventral-lateral aspects; along the z-axis, anterior protrusion in its right ventral-lateral aspect. In both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder these normal facial asymmetries were diminished, with residual retention of asymmetries in bipolar disorder. This geometry of normal facial asymmetries shows commonalities with that of normal frontal lobe asymmetries. These findings indicate a trans-diagnostic process that involves loss of facial asymmetries in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Embryologically, they implicate loss of face-brain asymmetries across gestational weeks 7-14 in processes that involve genes previously associated with risk for schizophrenia. Tue, 31 Mar 2026 08:32:36 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72947 2026-03-31T08:32:36Z https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72955 Advancing spine surgery: evaluating the potential for full robotic automation Samprón, Nicolás; Lafuente Baraza, Jesús; Presa-Alonso, Jorge; Ivanov, Marcel; Hartl, Roger; Ringel, Florian Introduction: The use of robotic systems in spine surgery is expanding, with growing interest in the potential for full automation. This review explores current robotic technologies, their limitations, and future automation possibilities, focusing on technical and practical aspects. Research question: What are the current capabilities and limitations of robotic systems in spine surgery, and how might advancements in tracking technologies facilitate a transition toward greater automation? Material and methods: A narrative review of literature on robotic spine surgery systems was conducted, analyzing benefits, accuracy, limitations, and innovations necessary for full automation. Focus was placed on trajectory-guiding technologies, such as optical tracking and alternative tracking methods. Results: Current robotic systems (e.g., Cirq®, Mazor X™, ExcelsiusGPS™) assist in trajectory guidance but lack autonomy. Optical tracking systems present challenges, such as obstruction vulnerability and inaccuracies in complex constructs. Conversely, encoder-based tracking demonstrated superior accuracy, offering a promising pathway toward increased automation. The potential advantages of robotics over conventional navigation, including their nature and clinical relevance, remain a topic of active discussion. However, the inherent complexity of spine surgery and the critical role of human decision-making remain substantial barriers. Discussion and conclusion: While full automation in robotic spine surgery is not yet attainable, advancements in tracking technologies point to a future of enhanced robot-surgeon collaboration, which could optimize clinical outcomes and improve procedural safety. Wed, 01 Apr 2026 13:10:26 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72955 2026-04-01T13:10:26Z https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72941 Preference for social motion in autistic adults Matyjek, Magdalena; Bast, Nico; Soto-Faraco, Salvador, 1970- Autism is often linked to attenuated social attention, including a lowered looking preference for biological motion in autistic compared to non-autistic children. This looking preference has been suggested as an autism marker in childhood. However, few studies have investigated whether this bias persists into adulthood. Furthermore, the underlying cognitive mechanism of this group difference is largely unknown. Pupillary responses have been established as an index of salience processing and are thus a promising measurement of the cognitive bases of looking preference. The present study examined differences in looking preference and pupillary responses to social versus geometric motion between autistic and non-autistic adults (N=66). In terms of preference, autistic adults demonstrated a reduced spontaneous looking toward social stimuli compared to the non-autistic group. Whereas the former displayed no clear preference for either motion type, the latter showed a strong preference for social motion. In terms of pupillary responses, the autistic group showed faster and larger pupil dilation for social motion compared to the non-autistic group, which indicated heightened cognitive effort and arousal. These results suggest persistent differences in social attention across the developmental lifespan in autism.; This study has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no 945380, Agencia Estatal de Investigación grant PID2019-108531GB-I00 AEI/FEDER, and AGAUR Generalitat de Catalunya grant 2021 SGR 00911. Tue, 31 Mar 2026 08:11:53 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72941 2026-03-31T08:11:53Z