2026-04-17T05:59:25Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:2445/2259452026-04-08T14:25:07Zcom_2072_1057col_2072_478815col_2072_478917

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Cordero, Cecilia author Caballero Roman, Aitor author Martínez-Ruiz, Sergio author Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer author Baldomà Llavinés, Laura author Badía Palacín, Josefa author 2026-01-22T11:34:08Z 2026-01-22T11:34:08Z 2026-01-18 2026-01-22T11:34:08Z Rotavirus remains a major cause of severe acute gastroenteritisin infants worldwide. The suboptimal efficacy of current vaccines underscores the needfor alternative microbiome-based interventions, including postbiotics. Extracellularvesicles (EVs) from probiotic and commensal <em>E. coli</em> strains have been shown to mitigatediarrhea and enhance immune responses in a suckling-rat model of rotavirus infection.Here, we investigate the regulatory mechanisms activated by EVs in rotavirus-infectedenterocytes. <strong>Methods: </strong>Polarized Caco-2 monolayers were used as a model of matureenterocytes. Cells were pre-incubated with EVs from the probiotic <em>E. coli</em> Nissle 1917 (EcN)or the commensal EcoR12 strain before rotavirus infection. Intracellular Ca²⁺concentration, ROS levels, and the expression of immune- and barrier-related genes andproteins were assessed at multiple time points post-infection. <strong>Results:</strong> EVs from bothstrains exerted broad protective effects against rotavirus-induced cellular dysregulation,with several responses being strain-specific. EVs interfered with viral replication bycounteracting host cellular processes essential for rotavirus propagation. Specifically, EVtreatment significantly reduced rotavirus-induced intracellular Ca²⁺ mobilization, ROSproduction, and COX-2 expression. In addition, both EV types reduced virus-inducedmucin secretion and preserved tight junction organization, thereby limiting viral accessto basolateral coreceptors. Additionally, EVs enhanced innate antiviral defenses viadistinct, strain-dependent pathways: EcN EVs amplified IL-8-mediated responses,whereas EcoR12 EVs preserved the expression of interferon-related signaling genes.<strong>Conclusions:</strong> EVs from EcN and EcoR12 act through multiple complementarymechanisms to restrict rotavirus replication, spread, and immune evasion. These findingssupport their potential as effective postbiotic candidates for preventing or treatingrotavirus infection. Probiòtics Microbiota intestinal Gastroenteritis Malalties intestinals Probiotics Gastrointestinal microbiome Gastroenteritis Intestinal diseases Extracellular Vesicles from Probiotic and Beneficial Escherichia coli Strains Exert Multifaceted Protective Effects Against Rotavirus Infection in Intestinal Epithelial Cells