2026-04-18T04:53:12Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:2445/2161072025-12-05T14:19:53Zcom_2072_1057col_2072_478902col_2072_478917

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Chen, Shuqin author Prado Morales, Carles author Sánchez de Alcázar Melendo, Daniel author Sánchez Ordóñez, Samuel author 2024-10-29T09:47:02Z 2024-10-29T09:47:02Z 2024-03-13 2024-10-28T13:24:39Z Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) have evolved from single self-propelled entities to versatile systems capable of performing one or multiple biomedical tasks. When single MNMs self-assemble into coordinated swarms, either under external control or triggered by chemical reactions, they offer advantages that individual MNMs cannot achieve. These benefits include intelligent multitasking and adaptability to changes in the surrounding environment. Here, we provide our perspective on the evolution of MNMs, beginning with the development of enzymatic MNMs since the first theoretical model was proposed in 2005. These enzymatic MNMs hold immense promise in biomedicine due to their advantages in biocompatibility and fuel availability. Subsequently, we introduce the design and application of single motors in biomedicine, followed by the control of MNM swarms and their biomedical applications. In the end, we propose viable solutions for advancing the development of MNM swarms and anticipate valuable insights into the creation of more intelligent and controllable MNM swarms for biomedical applications.; Micro/nanomotor swarms propelled by diverse mechanisms. Enginyeria biomèdica Motors elèctrics Biomedical engineering Electric motors Enzymatic micro/nanomotors in biomedicine: from single motors to swarms