2026-04-17T02:48:19Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:2445/1947422025-12-04T22:47:20Zcom_2072_1057col_2072_478825col_2072_478917

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Martin, Joanna author Agha, Sharifah Shameem author Eyre, Olga author Riglin, Lucy author Langley, Kate author Hubbard, Leon author Stergiakouli, Evie author Psychiatric Genomics Consortium ADHD Working Group author O'Donovan, Michael author Cormand Rifà, Bru author 2023-03-07T08:06:04Z 2023-03-07T08:06:04Z 2021-05-03 2023-03-07T08:06:04Z It is unknown why attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more common in males, whereas anxiety and depression show a female population excess. We tested the hypothesis that anxiety and depression risk alleles manifest as ADHD in males. We also tested whether anxiety and depression in children with ADHD show a different etiology to typical anxiety and depression and whether this differs by sex. The primary clinical ADHD sample consisted of 885 (14% female) children. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed using standardized interviews. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were derived using large genetic studies. Replication samples included independent clinical ADHD samples (N = 3,794; 25.7% female) and broadly defined population ADHD samples (N = 995; 33.4% female). We did not identify sex differences in anxiety or depression PRS in children with ADHD. In the primary sample, anxiety PRS were associated with social and generalized anxiety in males, with evidence of a sex-by-PRS interaction for social anxiety. These results did not replicate in the broadly defined ADHD sample. Depression PRS were not associated with comorbid depression symptoms. The results suggest that anxiety and depression genetic risks are not more likely to lead to ADHD in males. Also, the evidence for shared etiology between anxiety symptoms in those with ADHD and typical anxiety was weak and needs replication. Trastorns per dèficit d'atenció amb hiperactivitat en els adults Ansietat en els infants Trastorns de la conducta en els infants Depressió psíquica en els infants Diferències entre sexes Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in adults Anxiety in children Behavior disorders in children Depression in children Sex differences Sex differences in anxiety and depression in children with ADHD: investigating genetic liability and comorbidity