<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-04-13T02:07:21Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:www.recercat.cat:2445/189544" metadataPrefix="marc">https://recercat.cat/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:recercat.cat:2445/189544</identifier><datestamp>2025-12-05T09:55:01Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_2072_1057</setSpec><setSpec>col_2072_478917</setSpec><setSpec>col_2072_478920</setSpec></header><metadata><record xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd">
   <leader>00925njm 22002777a 4500</leader>
   <datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="042">
      <subfield code="a">dc</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="720">
      <subfield code="a">Beñaran-Muñoz, Iker</subfield>
      <subfield code="e">author</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="720">
      <subfield code="a">Hernández-González, Jerónimo</subfield>
      <subfield code="e">author</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="720">
      <subfield code="a">Pérez, Aritz</subfield>
      <subfield code="e">author</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="260">
      <subfield code="c">2022-10-03T09:57:56Z</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="260">
      <subfield code="c">2022-10-03T09:57:56Z</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="260">
      <subfield code="c">2022-09-08</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="260">
      <subfield code="c">2022-10-03T09:57:57Z</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="520">
      <subfield code="a">Crowdsourcing is a popular cheap alternative in machine learning for gathering information from a set of annotators. Learning from crowd-labelled data involves dealing with its inherent uncertainty and inconsistencies. In the classical framework, each annotator provides a single label per example, which fails to capture the complete knowledge of annotators. We propose candidate labelling, that is, to allow annotators to provide a set of candidate labels for each example and thus express their doubts. We propose an appropriate model for the annotators, and present two novel learning methods that deal with the two basic steps (label aggregation and model learning) sequentially or jointly. Our empirical study shows the advantage of candidate labelling and the proposed methods with respect to the classical framework.</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield tag="653" ind2=" " ind1=" ">
      <subfield code="a">Aprenentatge automàtic</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield tag="653" ind2=" " ind1=" ">
      <subfield code="a">Cultura participativa</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield tag="653" ind2=" " ind1=" ">
      <subfield code="a">Dades massives</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield tag="653" ind2=" " ind1=" ">
      <subfield code="a">Machine learning</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield tag="653" ind2=" " ind1=" ">
      <subfield code="a">Participatory culture</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield tag="653" ind2=" " ind1=" ">
      <subfield code="a">Big data</subfield>
   </datafield>
   <datafield ind2="0" ind1="0" tag="245">
      <subfield code="a">Machine learning from crowds using candidate set-based labelling</subfield>
   </datafield>
</record></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>