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oai:recercat.cat:2445/1781202025-12-04T19:09:33Zcom_2072_1057col_2072_478858col_2072_478917col_2072_478921col_2072_478924

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, 1957- author Salas Salvadó, Jordi author Estruch Riba, Ramon author Corella Piquer, Dolores author Fitó Colomer, Montserrat author Ros Rahola, Emilio author Viñolas Bargallo, Ernest author PREDIMED Investigators author 2021-06-08T11:08:47Z 2021-06-08T11:08:47Z 2015-07 2021-06-08T11:08:48Z The PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) multicenter, randomized, primary prevention trial assessed the long-term effects of the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) on clinical events of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We randomized 7447 men and women at high CVD risk into three diets: MeDiet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), MeDiet supplemented with nuts, and control diet (advice on a low-fat diet). No energy restriction and no special intervention on physical activity were applied. We observed 288 CVD events (a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke or CVD death) during a median time of 4.8 years; hazard ratios were 0.70 (95% CI, 0.53-0.91) for the MeDiet + EVOO and 0.70 (CI, 0.53-0.94) for the MeDiet + nuts compared to the control group. Respective hazard ratios for incident diabetes (273 cases) among 3541 non-diabetic participants were 0.60 (0.43-0.85) and 0.82 (0.61-1.10) for MeDiet + EVOO and MeDiet + nuts, respectively versus control. Significant improvements in classical and emerging CVD risk factors also supported a favorable effect of both MeDiets on blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, lipoprotein particles, inflammation, oxidative stress, and carotid atherosclerosis. In nutrigenomic studies beneficial effects of the intervention with MedDiets showed interactions with several genetic variants (TCF7L2, APOA2, MLXIPL, LPL, FTO, M4CR, COX-2, GCKR and SERPINE1) with respect to intermediate and final phenotypes. Thus, the PREDIMED trial provided strong evidence that a vegetable-based MeDiet rich in unsaturated fat and polyphenols can be a sustainable and ideal model for CVD prevention. Cuina mediterrània Dieta Malalties cardiovasculars Mediterranean cooking Diet Cardiovascular diseases Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet: Insights From the PREDIMED Study