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oai:recercat.cat:2445/1188632025-12-05T12:41:52Zcom_2072_1057col_2072_478916col_2072_478917col_2072_478921

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Toledo Atucha, Estefanía author Salas Salvadó, Jordi author Donat Vargas, Carolina author Buil Cosiales, Pilar author Estruch Riba, Ramon author Ros Rahola, Emilio author Corella Piquer, Dolores author Fitó Colomer, Montserrat author Hu, Frank B. author Arós, Fernando author Gómez Gracia, Enrique author Romaguera, Dora author Ortega Calvo, Manuel author Serra Majem, Lluís author Pintó Sala, Xavier author Schröder, Helmut, 1958- author Basora, Josep author Sorlí, José V. author Bulló, Mònica author Serra-Mir, Mercè author Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, 1957- author 2018-01-04T15:31:43Z 2018-01-04T15:31:43Z 2015-11 2018-01-04T15:31:43Z IMPORTANCE: Breast cancer is the leading cause of female cancer burden, and its incidence has increased by more than 20% worldwide since 2008. Some observational studies have suggested that the Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of breast cancer. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of 2 interventions with Mediterranean diet vs the advice to follow a low-fat diet (control) on breast cancer incidence. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The PREDIMED study is a 1:1:1 randomized, single-blind, controlled field trial conducted at primary health care centers in Spain. From 2003 to 2009, 4282 women aged 60 to 80 years and at high cardiovascular disease risk were recruited after invitation by their primary care physicians. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomly allocated to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with mixed nuts, or a control diet (advice to reduce dietary fat). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Breast cancer incidence was a prespecified secondary outcome of the trial for women without a prior history of breast cancer (n = 4152). RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 4.8 years, we identified 35 confirmed incident cases of breast cancer. Observed rates (per 1000 person-years) were 1.1 for the Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil group, 1.8 for the Mediterranean diet with nuts group, and 2.9 for the control group. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios vs the control group were 0.32 (95% CI, 0.13-0.79) for the Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil group and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.26-1.35) for the Mediterranean diet with nuts group. In analyses with yearly cumulative updated dietary exposures, the hazard ratio for each additional 5% of calories from extra-virgin olive oil was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.57-0.90). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This is the first randomized trial finding an effect of a long-term dietary intervention on breast cancer incidence. Our results suggest a beneficial effect of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil in the primary prevention of breast cancer. These results come from a secondary analysis of a previous trial and are based on few incident cases and, therefore, need to be confirmed in longer-term and larger studies. Assaigs clínics Cuina mediterrània Medicina preventiva Càncer de mama Dones Clinical trials Mediterranean cooking Preventive medicine Breast cancer Women Mediterranean diet and invasive breast cancer risk among women at high cardiovascular risk in the PREDIMED Trial: A randomized clinical trial