2026-04-13T01:56:52Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:2117/4489752026-02-07T10:23:29Zcom_2072_1033col_2072_452950

urn:hdl:2117/448975 Expanding over-the-air computation with frequency modulations Martínez Gost, Marc Pérez Neira, Ana Isabel Lagunas Hernandez, Miguel A. Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Processament del senyal Over-the-air computation Frequency modulation Nonlinear signal processing Wireless sensor networks In this study we introduce Logarithmic Frequency Shift Keying (Log-FSK), a novel frequency modulation for over-the-air computation (AirComp). Log-FSK leverages non-linear signal processing to produce AirComp in the frequency domain, this is, the maximum frequency of the received signal corresponds to the sum of the individual transmitted frequencies. The demodulation procedure relies on the inverse Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and the extraction of the maximum frequency component. Log-FSK enables the computation of functions beyond the sum by incorporating nomographic function representation. Furthermore, unlike existing AirComp modulations, Log-FSK allows to compute several functions in a single transmission. We evaluate the capabilities of the scheme in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and flat-fading channels. To demonstrate its practicality, we present specific applications and experimental results showcasing the effectiveness of Log-FSK AirComp within linear Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Our numerical results show that Log-FSK outperform linear analog modulations in terms of MSE and power consumption. This work is supported by the Spanish National projects AEI/10.13039/501100011033 SOFIA-SKY (PID2023-1473050BC32). Peer Reviewed Postprint (author's final draft) 2025-11 Article https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11025992 Open Access Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)