2026-04-13T00:12:22Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:2117/4436232025-10-16T10:11:12Zcom_2072_1033col_2072_452950

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Vico Bondia, Felipe author Romeu Robert, Jordi author Jofre Cruanyes, Marc author Jofre Roca, Lluís author Ferrando Bataller, Miguel author 2025 We present a numerical framework to simulate the nonlinear electromagnetic response of biological cells subjected to microwave excitation. Building on recent experimental studies that detect third-order intermodulation products from living cells, our model captures the electrodynamic behavior of membranes via time-dependent conductivity and permittivity changes associated with electroporation. The governing equations are formulated in the time domain, based on a fullwave Maxwell model for TE polarization, and discretized using a semi-implicit scheme coupled with a high-order fast direct solver. Validation against reference solutions in both damped and lossless configurations demonstrates high accuracy and numerical stability. We further illustrate the nonlinear current response of a single cell placed between parallel electrodes under time-varying voltage stimulation. The results highlight the potential of this computational approach to predict nonlinear microwave interactions in cellular environments and to complement experimental microfluidic platforms for future sensing and biomedical applications. This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación under research project PID2022-136869NB-C33 and PDC2022-133091-I00 grants of the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain). This study was also supported by the Generalitat Valenciana through project MAOCOM-6G (Code: MFA/2022/056). Peer Reviewed Postprint (published version) http://hdl.handle.net/2117/443623 Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica Biological cells Electromagnetic response Microwave Time-domain modeling of nonlinear microwave electroporation in biological cells