2026-04-14T04:34:10Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:2117/4194962026-01-30T08:49:46Zcom_2072_1033col_2072_452950

Observation of magnetic islands in tokamak plasmas during the suppression of edge-localized modes Willensdorfer, Matthias Mitterauer, Verena Hoelzl, Matthias Suttrop, Wolfgang Cianciosa, Mark Dunne, Mike Fischer, Rainer Leuthold, Nils Puchmayr, Jonas Samoylov, Oleg Suárez López, Guillermo Wendler, Daniel Futatani, Shimpei Gallart Escolà, Daniel Mantsinen, Mervi Johanna Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física ASDEX Upgrade Team Barcelona Supercomputing Center Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANT - Advanced Nuclear Technologies Research Group Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física Tokamaks Fusion energy Plasma Magnetic perturbations In tokamaks, a leading platform for fusion energy, periodic filamentary plasma eruptions known as edge-localized modes occur in plasmas with high-energy confinement and steep pressure profiles at the plasma edge. These edge-localized modes could damage the tokamak wall but can be suppressed using small three-dimensional magnetic perturbations. Here we demonstrate that these magnetic perturbations can change the magnetic topology just inside the steep gradient region of the plasma edge. We identify signatures of a magnetic island, and their observation is linked to the suppression of edge-localized modes. We compare high-resolution measurements of perturbed magnetic surfaces with predictions from ideal magnetohydrodynamic theory where the magnetic topology is preserved. Although ideal magnetohydrodynamics adequately describes the measurements in plasmas exhibiting edge-localized modes, it proves insufficient for plasmas where these modes are suppressed. Nonlinear resistive magnetohydrodynamic modelling supports this observation. Our study experimentally confirms the predicted role of magnetic islands in inhibiting the occurrence of edge-localized modes. This will be beneficial for physics-based predictions in future fusion devices to control these modes. This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Energy under award DE-SC0021968. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium, funded by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Programme (grant agreement no. 101052200-EUROfusion). Peer Reviewed Article signat per 437 autors: Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany: Matthias Willensdorfer, Verena Mitterauer, Matthias Hoelzl, Wolfgang Suttrop, Mike Dunne, Rainer Fischer, Jonas Puchmayr, Oleg Samoylov, Daniel Wendler, C. Angioni, N. Arden, V. Artigues, M. Astrain, M. Balden, V. Bandaru, A. Banon Navarro, M. Bauer, A. Bergmann, M. Bergmann, M. Bernert, R. Bilato, G. Birkenmeier, V. Bobkov, A. Bock, L. Bock, T. Body, N. Bonanomi, B. Böswirth, A. Bottino, D. Brida, A. Buhler, A. Burckhart, P. Cano Megías, D. Carlton, A. Castillo Castillo, A. Chankin, G. Conway, D. Coster, P. David, P. de Marné, A. Di Siena, M. Dibon, M. Dunne, R. Dux, S. Elgeti, E. Fable, M. Faitsch, D. Fajardo Jimenez, U. Fantz, H. Faugel, R. Fischer, M. Fröschle, J. C. Fuchs, H. Fünfgelder, L. Giannone, O. Girka, T. Gleiter, S. Glöggler, J. C. Gonzalez, T. Görler, A. Gräter, G. Grenfell, H. Greuner, M. Griener, O. Grover, A. Gude, S. Günter, T. Happel, N. den Harder, T. Hayward-Schneider, B. Heinemann, P. Heinrich, A. Herrmann, J. Hobirk, M. Hölzl, C. Hopf, T. Höschen, K. Hunger, V. Igochine, J. Illerhaus, W. Jacob, N. Jaksic, F. Janky, F. Jenko, A. Kallenbach, J. Kalis, A. Kappatou, C.-P. Käsemann, M. Kircher, F. Klossek, M. Koleva, M. Krause, A. Kreuzeder, K. Krieger, O. Kudlacek, B. Kurzan, K. Lackner, P. T. Lang, P. Lauber, E. Lerche, O. Linder, Z. Lu, T. Luda di Cortemiglia, T. Lunt, T. Maceina, A. Magnanimo, H. Maier, O. Maj, A. Manhard, M. Maraschek, F. Matos, M. Mayer, R. McDermott, R. Merkel, M. Michelini, P. Molina Cabrera, M. Muraca, R. Neu, T. Nishizawa, I. Novikau, R. Ochoukov, O. Pan, G. Papp, G. Pautasso, M. Peglau, U. Plank, B. Plöckl, E. Poli, J. Puchmayr, T. Pütterich, G. Raupp, M. Reich, M. Reisner, B. Rettino, T. Ribeiro, R. Riedl, J. Riesch, V. Rohde, M. Rott, F. Ryter, O. Samoylov, G. Schall, A. Schlüter, K. Schmid, P. A. Schneider, M. Schubert, C. Schuster, T. Schwarz-Selinger, J. Schweinzer, F. Sciortino, O. Seibold-Benjak, M. Siccinio, B. Sieglin, A. Sigalov, D. Silvagni, M. Spacek, A. Stegmeir, D. Stieglitz, J. Stober, U. Stroth, E. Strumberger, W. Suttrop, B. Tál, G. Tardini, M. Teschke, W. Tierens, D. Told, W. Treutterer, P. Ulbl, G. Urbanczyk, M. Usoltseva, F. Vannini, T. Vierle, G. Vogel, U. von Toussaint, D. Wagner, X. Wang, M. Weiland, D. Wendler, M. Willensdorfer, B. Wiringer, M. Wischmeier, E. Wolfrum, Q. Yu, I. Zammuto, T. Zehetbauer, W. Zholobenko, M. Zilker, B. Zimmermann, A. Zito & H. 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Asunta, M. Groth, J. Karhunen, T. Kurki-Suonio, A. Lahtinen, I. Paradela Perez, A. Salmi, S. Sipilä & A. Snicker // Léonard de Vinci Pôle Universitaire Research Center, Paris, France: A. Biancalani // MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, USA: R. Bielajew, A. Hubbard, P. Rodriguez-Fernandez, B. Vanovac, A. E. White & C. Yoo // Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands: T. Blanken, H. van den Brand, M. de Baar, M. Kantor, E. Maljaars, G. Ronchi & J. Scholte // Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy: T. Bolzonella, C. Cazzaniga, R. Delogu, M. Gobbin, L. Marrelli, P. Martin, C. Piron, G. Spizzo, M. Spolaore, D. Terranova, G. Trevisan, M. Valisa & N. Vianello // Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA: A. Bortolon, F. Laggner, R. Maingi & R. Nazikian // CEA/IRFM, Saint-Paul-lèz-Durance, France: C. Bottereau, F. Clairet, L. Colas, A. Gallo & E. Joffrin // Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany: M. Brenzke, S. Brezinsek, J. W. Coenen, P. Denner, Y. Gao, A. Huber, A. Krämer-Flecken, L. Li, D. Reiser & D. Reiter // Institut Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France: F. Brochard, S. Heuraux & A. Houben // CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK: J. Buchanan, M. Carr, C. Challis, C. Ham, J. Harrison, S. Henderson, A. Kirk, J. Mailloux, M.-L. Mayoral, H. Meyer, D. A. Ryan, S. Saarelma, S. Sharapov, J. Simpson, M. Valovic & I. Voitsekhovitch // Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France: Y. Camenen // Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy: B. Cannas & G. Sias // ENEA, Centro Ricerche Frascati, Frascati, Italy: C. Castaldo, C. Cianfarani, B. Esposito, E. Giovannozzi & G. Rocchi // ENEA, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy: M. Cavedon, A. Dal Molin, G. Gorini & M. Nocente // Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Warsaw, Poland: A. Chomiczewska, K. Galazka, I. Ivanova-Stanik & R. Zagorski // Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne, Switzerland: S. Coda, B. P. Duval, F. Felici, T. Goodman, M. Kong, B. Labit, A. Merle, A. Pau, L. Porte, O. Sauter, A. Shalpegin, U. Sheikh & C. Sommariva // ÖAW, IAP, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria: S. Costea, C. Ionita-Schrittwieser, A. Kendl & R. Schrittwieser // University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA: T. Cote, B. Geiger & O. Schmitz // CFS, Fort Devens, MA, USA: A. J. Creely & T. Eich // Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain: D. J. Cruz Zabala, J. J. Dominguez Palacios Durán, J. Galdon-Quiroga, M. Garcia Muñoz, J. Gonzalez Martin, A. Jansen van Vuuren, P. Oyola, J. F. Rivero Rodriguez, L. Sanchis Sanchez & E. Viezzer // Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary: G. Cseh, D. Dunai, G. Kocsis, G. Pokol, D. Réfy, T. Szepesi & S. Zoletnik // York Plasma Institute, University of York, York, UK: I. Cziegler, L. Horvath & B. Lipschultz // ENEA Consorzio CREATE, Naples, Italy: O. D’Arcangelo // Karlsruhe Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany: C. Day, V. Hauer & S. Varoutis // Institute of Plasma Physics, National Science Center Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Krakov, Ukraine: M. Dreval // Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Praha, Czech Republic: M. Farnik, O. Ficker, F. Jaulmes & M. Komm // Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, Germany: O. Ford, G. Fuchert, D. Gradic, K. Höfler, D. Kulla, F. Reimold & R. Wolf // KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden: L. Frassinetti, P. Petersson, S. Ratynskaia, M. Rubel & E. Thorén // Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain: S. Futatani, D. Gallart Escolà & M. Mantsinen // Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, UK: S. Gibson // VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland: A. H. Hakola, J. Likonen & T. Tala // ÖAW, IAP, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria: G. Harrer, W. Kernbichler, P. Lainer, M. Markl & L. Radovanovic // General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA: T. Hellsten, Y. Liu & M. van Zeeland // Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France: P. Hennequin // ÖAW, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria: E. Heyn & S. Kasilov // Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark: J. H. Holm, T. Jensen, S. Kjer Hansen, J. Madsen, V. Naulin, R. D. Nem, A. H. Nielsen, S. K. Nielsen, J. Olsen, J. Rasmussen, M. Salewski, M. Stejner & T. Verdier // Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation: M. Iliasova, E. Khilkevitch & A. Shevelev // Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden: K. Insulander Björk // ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium: Y. Kazakov, A. Lyssoivan, V. Maquet, M. Tripský & G. Verdoolaege // Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium: V. Klevarova, A. Shabbir & G. Verdoolaege // Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA: N. C. Luhmann // ICREA, Barcelona, Spain: M. 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Bilato, G. Birkenmeier, T. Blanken, V. Bobkov, A. Bock, L. Bock, T. Body, T. Bolzonella, N. Bonanomi, A. Bortolon, B. Böswirth, C. Bottereau, A. Bottino, H. van den Brand, M. Brenzke, S. Brezinsek, D. Brida, F. Brochard, J. Buchanan, A. Buhler, A. Burckhart, Y. Camenen, B. Cannas, P. Cano Megías, D. Carlton, M. Carr, P. Carvalho, C. Castaldo, A. Castillo Castillo, M. Cavedon, C. Cazzaniga, C. Challis, A. Chankin, A. Chomiczewska, C. Cianfarani, F. Clairet, S. Coda, R. Coelho, J. W. Coenen, L. Colas, G. Conway, S. Costea, D. Coster, T. Cote, A. J. Creely, G. Croci, D. J. Cruz Zabala, G. Cseh, I. Cziegler, O. D’Arcangelo, A. Dal Molin, P. David, C. Day, M. de Baar, P. de Marné, R. Delogu, P. Denner, A. Di Siena, M. Dibon, J. J. Dominguez Palacios Durán, D. Dunai, M. Dreval, M. Dunne, B. P. Duval, R. Dux, T. Eich, S. Elgeti, A. Encheva, B. Esposito, E. Fable, M. Faitsch, D. Fajardo Jimenez, U. Fantz, M. Farnik, H. Faugel, F. Felici, O. Ficker, A. Figueredo, R. Fischer, O. Ford, L. Frassinetti, M. Fröschle, G. Fuchert, J. C. Fuchs, H. Fünfgelder, S. Futatani, K. Galazka, J. Galdon-Quiroga, D. Gallart Escolà, A. Gallo, Y. Gao, S. Garavaglia, M. Garcia Muñoz, B. Geiger, L. Giannone, S. Gibson, L. Gil, E. Giovannozzi, O. Girka, T. Gleiter, S. Glöggler, M. Gobbin, J. C. Gonzalez, J. Gonzalez Martin, T. Goodman, G. Gorini, T. Görler, D. Gradic, G. Granucci, A. Gräter, G. Grenfell, H. Greuner, M. Griener, M. Groth, O. Grover, A. Gude, L. Guimarais, S. Günter, D. Hachmeister, A. H. Hakola, C. Ham, T. Happel, N. den Harder, G. Harrer, J. Harrison, V. Hauer, T. Hayward-Schneider, B. Heinemann, P. Heinrich, T. Hellsten, S. Henderson, P. Hennequin, S. Heuraux, A. Herrmann, E. Heyn, F. Hitzler, J. Hobirk, K. Höfler, J. H. Holm, M. Hölzl, C. Hopf, L. Horvath, T. Höschen, A. Houben, A. Hubbard, A. Huber, K. Hunger, V. Igochine, M. Iliasova, J. Illerhaus, K. Insulander Björk, C. Ionita-Schrittwieser, I. Ivanova-Stanik, S. Jachmich, W. Jacob, N. Jaksic, F. Janky, A. Jansen van Vuuren, F. Jaulmes, F. Jenko, T. Jensen, E. Joffrin, A. Kallenbach, J. Kalis, M. Kantor, A. Kappatou, J. Karhunen, C.-P. Käsemann, S. Kasilov, Y. Kazakov, A. Kendl, W. Kernbichler, E. Khilkevitch, M. Kircher, A. Kirk, S. Kjer Hansen, V. Klevarova, F. Klossek, G. Kocsis, M. Koleva, M. Komm, M. Kong, A. Krämer-Flecken, M. Krause, A. Kreuzeder, K. Krieger, O. Kudlacek, D. Kulla, T. Kurki-Suonio, B. Kurzan, B. Labit, K. Lackner, F. Laggner, A. Lahtinen, P. Lainer, P. T. Lang, P. Lauber, M. Lehnen, E. Lerche, N. Leuthold, L. Li, J. Likonen, O. Linder, B. Lipschultz, Y. Liu, Z. Lu, T. Luda di Cortemiglia, N. C. Luhmann, T. Lunt, A. Lyssoivan, T. Maceina, J. Madsen, A. Magnanimo, H. Maier, J. Mailloux, R. Maingi, O. Maj, E. Maljaars, V. Maquet, A. Mancini, A. Manhard, P. Mantica, M. Mantsinen, P. Manz, M. Maraschek, C. Marchetto, M. Markl, L. Marrelli, P. Martin, F. Matos, M. Mayer, M.-L. Mayoral, P. J. McCarthy, R. McDermott, R. Merkel, A. Merle, H. Meyer, M. Michelini, D. Milanesio, P. Molina Cabrera, M. Muraca, F. Nabais, V. Naulin, R. Nazikian, R. D. Nem, R. Neu, A. H. Nielsen, S. K. Nielsen, T. Nishizawa, M. Nocente, I. Novikau, S. Nowak, R. Ochoukov, J. Olsen, P. Oyola, O. Pan, G. Papp, I. Paradela Perez, A. Pau, G. Pautasso, C. Paz-Soldan, M. Peglau, E. Peluso, P. Petersson, C. Piron, U. Plank, B. Plaum, B. Plöckl, V. Plyusnin, G. Pokol, E. Poli, L. Porte, J. Puchmayr, T. Pütterich, L. Radovanovic, M. Ramisch, J. Rasmussen, G. Ratta, S. Ratynskaia, G. Raupp, A. Redl, D. Réfy, M. Reich, F. Reimold, D. Reiser, M. Reisner, D. Reiter, B. Rettino, T. Ribeiro, D. Ricci, R. Riedl, J. Riesch, J. F. Rivero Rodriguez, G. Rocchi, P. Rodriguez-Fernandez, V. Rohde, G. Ronchi, M. Rott, M. Rubel, D. A. Ryan, F. Ryter, S. Saarelma, M. Salewski, A. Salmi, O. Samoylov, L. Sanchis Sanchez, J. Santos, O. Sauter, G. Schall, A. Schlüter, J. Scholte, K. Schmid, O. Schmitz, P. A. Schneider, R. Schrittwieser, M. Schubert, C. Schuster, T. Schwarz-Selinger, J. Schweinzer, F. Sciortino, O. Seibold-Benjak, E. Seliunin, A. Shabbir, A. Shalpegin, S. Sharapov, U. Sheikh, A. Shevelev, G. Sias, M. Siccinio, B. Sieglin, A. Sigalov, A. Silva, C. Silva, D. Silvagni, J. Simpson, S. Sipilä, A. Snicker, E. Solano, C. Sommariva, C. Sozzi, M. Spacek, G. Spizzo, M. Spolaore, A. Stegmeir, M. Stejner, D. Stieglitz, J. Stober, U. Stroth, E. Strumberger, G. Suarez Lopez, W. Suttrop, T. Szepesi, B. Tál, T. Tala, G. Tardini, M. Tardocchi, D. Terranova, M. Teschke, E. Thorén, W. Tierens, D. Told, W. Treutterer, G. Trevisan, M. Tripský, P. Ulbl, G. Urbanczyk, M. Usoltseva, M. Valisa, M. Valovic, M. van Zeeland, S. Vanmulders, F. Vannini, B. Vanovac, P. Varela, S. Varoutis, T. Verdier, G. Verdoolaege, N. Vianello, J. Vicente, T. Vierle, E. Viezzer, G. Vogel, I. Voitsekhovitch, U. von Toussaint, D. Wagner, X. Wang, M. Weiland, D. Wendler, A. E. White, M. Willensdorfer, B. Wiringer, M. Wischmeier, R. Wolf, E. Wolfrum, Q. Yang, C. Yoo, Q. Yu, R. Zagorski, I. Zammuto, T. Zehetbauer, W. Zhang, W. Zholobenko, M. Zilker, B. Zimmermann, A. Zito, H. Zohm & S. Zoletnik Postprint (published version) 2024 Article Willensdorfer, M. [et al.]. Observation of magnetic islands in tokamak plasmas during the suppression of edge-localized modes. "Nature physics", 2024, vol. 20, p. 1980-1988. 1745-2473 https://hdl.handle.net/2117/419496 10.1038/s41567-024-02666-y eng https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-024-02666-y info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101052200/EU/Implementation of activities described in the Roadmap to Fusion during Horizon Europe through a joint programme of the members of the EUROfusion consortium/EUROfusion http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access Attribution 4.0 International 9 p. application/pdf