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oai:recercat.cat:2117/4165002026-01-30T07:06:15Zcom_2072_1033col_2072_452950

Multifractal structure and Gutenberg–Richter parameter associated with volcanic emissions of high energy in Colima, Mexico (years 2013–2015) Monterrubio Velasco, Marisol Lana Pons, Francisco Javier Arámbula Mendoza, Raúl Barcelona Supercomputing Center Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Informàtica::Aplicacions de la informàtica::Aplicacions informàtiques a la física i l‘enginyeria Colima Algorithm Amplitude Asymmetry Complexity Emission Seismicity Skewness Volcanism Volcanology The evolution of multifractal structures in various physical processes, such as climatology, seismology, or volcanology, serves as a crucial tool for detecting changes in corresponding phenomena. In this study, weexplore the evolution of the multifractal structure of volcanic emissions with varying energy levels (observed at Colima, Mexico, during the years 2013–2015) to identify clear indicators of imminent high-energy emissions nearing 8.0×108 J. These indicators manifest through the evolution of six multifractal parameters: the central Hölder exponent (α0); the maximum and minimum Hölder exponents (αmax, αmin); the multifractal amplitude (W =αmax−αmin); the multifractal asymmetry (γ = [αmax −α0]/[α0 −αmin]); and the complexity index (CI), calculated as the sum of the normalized values of α0, W, and γ. Additionally, the results obtained from adapting the Gutenberg–Richter seismic law to volcanic energy emissions, along with the corresponding skewness and standard deviation of the volcanic emission data, further support the findings obtained through multifractal analysis. These results, derived from multifractal structure analysis, adaptation of the Gutenberg–Richter law to volcanic emissions, and basic statistical parameters, hold significant relevance in anticipating potential volcanic episodes of high energy. Such anticipation can be further quantified using an appropriate forecasting algorithm. This work has been supported by the European High Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (JU) and Spain, Italy, Iceland, Germany, Norway, France, Finland, and Croatia under grant agreement no. 101093038 (ChEESE-2P). Peer Reviewed Postprint (published version) 2024-09-23 Article Monterrubio, M.; Lana, F.J.; Arámbula-Mendoza, R. Multifractal structure and Gutenberg–Richter parameter associated with volcanic emissions of high energy in Colima, Mexico (years 2013–2015). "Nonlinear processes in geophysics", 23 Setembre 2024, vol. 31, núm. 3, p. 449-461. 1023-5809 https://hdl.handle.net/2117/416500 10.5194/npg-31-449-2024 eng https://npg.copernicus.org/articles/31/449/2024/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101093038/EU/Center of Excellence for Exascale in Solid Earth/ChEESE-2P http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access Attribution 4.0 International 13 p. application/pdf Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika