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Development of a flow-cell bioreactor for immobilized sulfidogenic sludge characterization using electrochemical H2S microsensors Castro Carrasco, Rebeca Ignacia Gabriel Buguña, Gemma Gabriel Buguña, David Gamisans Noguera, Javier Guimerà Villalba, Xavier Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Recursos Naturals i Medi Ambient Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Minera, Industrial i TIC Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. RIIS - Grup de Recerca en Recursos i Indústries Intel·ligents i Sostenibles Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria química::Química del medi ambient Sulfate-reducing bacteria Biomass immobilization PVA Agar Alginate Electrochemical microsensor The sulfate-reduction process plays a crucial role in the biological valorization of SOx gases. However, a complete understanding of the sulfidogenic process in bioreactors is limited by the lack of technologies for characterizing the sulfate-reducing activity of immobilized biomass. In this work, we propose a flow-cell bioreactor (FCB) for characterizing sulfate-reducing biomass using H2S microsensors to monitor H2S production in real-time within a biofilm. To replace natural immobilization through extracellular polymeric substance production, sulfidogenic sludge was artificially immobilized using polymers. Physical and sulfate-reducing activity studies were performed to select a polymer-biomass matrix that maintained sulfate-reducing activity of biomass while providing strong microbial retention and mechanical strength. Several operational conditions of the sulfidogenic reactor allowed to obtain a H2S profiles under different inlet sulfate loads and, additionally, 3D mapping was assessed in order to perform a hydraulic characterization. Besides, the effects of artificial immobilization on biodiversity were investigated through the characterization of microbial communities. This study demonstrated the appropriateness of immobilized-biomass for characterization of sulfidogenic biomass in FCB using H2S electrochemical microsensors, and beneficial microbiological communities shifts as well as enrichment of sulfate-reducing bacteria have been confirmed. Grant PID2021-126253OB-C22 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. Peer Reviewed Postprint (published version) 2024-06 Article Castro, R. [et al.]. Development of a flow-cell bioreactor for immobilized sulfidogenic sludge characterization using electrochemical H2S microsensors. "Chemosphere", Juny 2024, vol. 358, núm. article 141959. 0045-6535 https://hdl.handle.net/2117/415557 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141959 eng https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004565352400852X?dgcid=rss_sd_all info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-126253OB-C22/ES/CARACTERIZACION DE BIOPELICULAS Y HERRAMIENTAS AVANZADAS DE MODELIZACION PARA EL DESARROLLO DE BIOREACTORES MEDIADOS CON HIDROGENO PARA LA VALORIZACION DE GASES RESIDUALES/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Open Access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International application/pdf Elsevier