<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-04-05T10:47:33Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:www.recercat.cat:2117/404284" metadataPrefix="rdf">https://recercat.cat/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:recercat.cat:2117/404284</identifier><datestamp>2026-02-06T01:07:36Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_2072_1033</setSpec><setSpec>col_2072_452949</setSpec></header><metadata><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/rdf/" xmlns:ow="http://www.ontoweb.org/ontology/1#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ds="http://dspace.org/ds/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/rdf/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/rdf.xsd">
   <ow:Publication rdf:about="oai:recercat.cat:2117/404284">
      <dc:title>O paradigma da cidade-rio nos impérios português e espanhol: Belém e Valdivia no século XVII</dc:title>
      <dc:title>The city-river paradigm in the portuguese and spanish empires: Belém and Valdivia in the 17th century</dc:title>
      <dc:creator>Brandão do Carmo, Filipe</dc:creator>
      <dc:subject>Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Urbanisme::Planejament urbà</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Colonial cities -- Portugal -- History -- 17th century</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Colonial cities -- Spain -- History -- 17th century</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Cities and towns -- Chile -- Valdivia -- Growth -- History</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Cities and towns -- Brazil -- Belém -- History</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Iberoamerican cities</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Colonial history</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Belém</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Valdivia</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Cidades iberoamericanas</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>História colonial</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Belém</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Valdivia</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Ciutats colonials -- Portugal -- Història -- S. XVII</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Ciutats colonials -- Espanya -- Història -- S. XVII</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Desenvolupament urbà -- Xile -- Valdivia -- Història</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Desenvolupament urbà -- Brasil -- Belém -- Història</dc:subject>
      <dc:description>In the early 17th century, Portugal and Spain shared territory and enemies, with Portugal experiencing previously peaceful countries such as Holland and England as threats to its colonies and trade and Spain experiencing attacks from the English and Dutch in its overseas colonies. Loosely consolidated colonial cities were established to consolidate footholds in under-exploited territories and for the defense of these territories. The foundation and maintenance of these cities were subject to the intervention of military and military engineers, aiming this article to understand the urban form resulting from this action, using urban morphology as a discipline of analysis. Although they do not correspond exactly, by analyzing the layouts of both cities, we realize that they are characterized by similar principles, such as orthogonality and the proximity of the main squares near the river, as well as the role of natural obstacles as boundaries and defense. Although the physical distance between the two cities is considerable, the Portuguese and Spanish intentions and layouts converged in a typology identified by us here.</dc:description>
      <dc:description>No início do século XVII, Portugal e Espanha compartilharam território e inimigos, com Portugal a ver países anteriormente pacíficos como a Holanda e a Inglaterra como ameaças às suas colônias e comércio e Espanha a sofrer ataques de ingleses e holandeses nas suas colónias ultramarinas. Cidades coloniais pouco consolidadas foram estabelecidas para consolidar pontos de apoio em territórios pouco explorados e para a defesa destes territórios. A fundação e manutenção dessas cidades foram objecto da intervenção de militares e engenheiros militares, procurando este artigo perceber a forma urbana resultante desta actuação, recorrendo à morfologia urbana como disciplina de análise. Embora não correspondam exatamente, ao analisar-se os traçados de ambas as cidades, percebemos que são caracterizados por princípios semelhantes, como a ortogonalidade e a proximidade das principais praças junto ao rio, bem como o papel dos obstáculos naturais como limite e defesa. Embora a distância física entre as duas cidades seja considerável, as intenções e traçados portugueses e espanhóis convergiram numa tipologia por nós aqui identificada.</dc:description>
      <dc:description>Peer Reviewed</dc:description>
      <dc:date>2023-12</dc:date>
      <dc:type>Conference report</dc:type>
      <dc:relation>Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo (15è: 2023: Lisboa, Recife)</dc:relation>
      <dc:rights>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</dc:rights>
      <dc:rights>Open Access</dc:rights>
      <dc:rights>Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International</dc:rights>
      <dc:coverage>east=-73.24259930000001; north=-39.8174009; name=Aníbal Pinto 649, Valdivia, Los Ríos, Xile</dc:coverage>
      <dc:coverage>east=-48.501299; north=-1.4563432; name=R. João Diogo, 170 - Campina, Belém - PA, 66015-175, Brasil</dc:coverage>
      <dc:publisher>Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Grup de Recerca en Urbanisme</dc:publisher>
      <dc:publisher>Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Iniciativa Digital Politècnica</dc:publisher>
      <dc:publisher>Universidade de Lisboa</dc:publisher>
      <dc:publisher>Universidade Católica de Pernambuco</dc:publisher>
   </ow:Publication>
</rdf:RDF></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>