2026-04-13T08:34:37Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:2072/4747362025-05-08T15:22:38Zcom_2072_98col_2072_378192

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Yeregui, Elena author Masip, Jenifer author Viladés, Consuelo author Domingo, Pere author Pacheco, Yolanda M author Blanco, Julià author Mallolas Masferrer, Josep author Alba, Verónica author Vargas, Montserrat author García-Pardo, Graciano author Negredo Puigmal, Eugènia author Olona, Montserrat author Vidal-González, Judit author Peraire, Maria author Martí, Anna author Reverté Calvet, Laia author Gómez-Bertomeu, Fréderic author Leal, Manuel author Vidal, Francesc author Peraire, Joaquim author Rull, Anna author Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona author 2022 A significant proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who successfully achieve virological suppression fail to recover CD4 T-cell counts. Since adipose tissue has been discovered as a key immune organ, this study aimed to assess the role of adipokines in the HIV immunodiscordant response. This is a multicenter prospective study including 221 PLHIV starting the first antiretroviral therapy (ART) and classified according to baseline CD4 T-cell counts/µL (controls > 200 cells/µL and cases ≤ 200 cells/µL). Immune failure recovery was considered when cases did not reach more than 250 CD4 T cells/µL at 144 weeks (immunological nonresponders, INR). Circulating adipokine concentrations were longitudinally measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. At baseline, apelin receptor (APLNR) and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) concentrations were significantly lower in INRs than in immunological responders (p = 0.043 and p = 0.034), and they remained lower during all ART follow-up visits (p = 0.044 and p = 0.028 for APLNR, p = 0.038 and p = 0.010 for ZAG, at 48 and 144 weeks, respectively). ZAG levels positively correlated with retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels (p < 0.01), and low circulating RBP4 concentrations were related to a low CD4 T-cell gain (p = 0.018 and p = 0.039 at 48 and 144 weeks, respectively). Multiple regression adjusted for clinical variables and adipokine concentrations confirmed both low APLNR and RBP4 as independent predictors for CD4 T cells at 144 weeks (p < 0.001). In conclusion, low APLNR and RBP4 concentrations were associated with poor immune recovery in treated PLHIV and could be considered predictive biomarkers of a discordant immunological response. Adipokines Antiretroviral therapy HIV Immunodiscordant response Poor immune recovery Adipokines as New Biomarkers of Immune Recovery : Apelin Receptor, RBP4 and ZAG Are Related to CD4+ T-Cell Reconstitution in PLHIV on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy