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   <dc:title>Bartonella spp. Prevalence (Serology, Culture, and PCR) in Sanitary Workers in La Rioja Spain</dc:title>
   <dc:creator>Portillo, Aránzazu</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>Maggi, Ricardo</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>Oteo, José A.</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>Bradley, Julie</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>García-Álvarez, Lara</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>San-Martín, Montserrat</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>Roura, Xavier</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>Breitschwerdt, Edward</dc:creator>
   <dc:subject>Bartonella Alpha-Proteobacteria Growth Medium (BAPGM), B. henselae</dc:subject>
   <dc:subject>B. quintana</dc:subject>
   <dc:subject>B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii</dc:subject>
   <dc:subject>B. koehlerae</dc:subject>
   <dc:subject>Sanitary workers</dc:subject>
   <dcterms:abstract>This research was funded by Bayer Animal Health GmbH (Leverkusen, Germany), grant number 2111116219.</dcterms:abstract>
   <dcterms:abstract>Bartonella spp. are increasingly implicated in association with a spectrum of zoonotic infectious diseases. One hundred sanitary workers in La Rioja, Spain, completed a questionnaire and provided blood specimens for Bartonella spp. serology and Bartonella Alpha-Proteobacteria growth medium (BAPGM) enrichment blood culture/PCR. Six immunofluorescence assays (IFA) were performed and aseptically obtained blood specimens were inoculated into liquid BAPGM and subcultured onto blood agar plates. Bartonella DNA was amplified using conventional and real-time PCR assays. The Bartonella spp., strain, or genotype was determined by DNA sequencing. Bartonella seroreactivity was documented in 83.1% and bloodstream infection in 21.6% of participants. Bartonella henselae, B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii genotypes I and III, and B. quintana were identified. IFA seroreactivity and PCR positivity were not statistically associated with self-reported symptoms. Our results suggest that exposure to and non-clinical infection with Bartonella spp. may occur more often than previously suspected in the La Rioja region.</dcterms:abstract>
   <dcterms:issued>2020</dcterms:issued>
   <dc:type>Article</dc:type>
   <dc:relation>Pathogens ; Vol. 9 (march 2020)</dc:relation>
   <dc:rights>open access</dc:rights>
   <dc:rights>Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.</dc:rights>
   <dc:rights>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</dc:rights>
   <dc:publisher/>
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