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Defining the HLA class I-associated viral antigen repertoire from HIV-1-infected human cells Ternette, Nicola Yang, Hongbing Partridge, Thomas Llano Montero, Anuska Cedeño, Samandhy Fischer, Roman Charles, Philip D. Dudek, Nadine L. Mothe, Beatriz Crespo Casal, Manuel Fischer, William M. Korber, Bette T. M. Nielsen, Morten Borrow, Persephone Purcell, Anthony W. Brander, Christian Dorrell, Lucy Kessler, Benedikt M. Hanke, Tomáš Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Cytotoxic T cells Human immunodeficiency virus type I Human leukocyte antigen Immunopeptidome Mass spectrometry Recognition and eradication of infected cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes is a key defense mechanism against intracellular pathogens. High-throughput definition of HLA class I-associated immunopeptidomes by mass spectrometry is an increasingly important analytical tool to advance our understanding of the induction of T-cell responses against pathogens such as HIV-1. We utilized a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry workflow including de novo-assisted database searching to define the HLA class I-associated immunopeptidome of HIV-1-infected human cells. We here report for the first time the identification of 75 HIV-1-derived peptides bound to HLA class I complexes that were purified directly from HIV-1-infected human primary CD4 + T cells and the C8166 human T-cell line. Importantly, one-third of eluted HIV-1 peptides had not been previously known to be presented by HLA class I. Over 82% of the identified sequences originated from viral protein regions for which T-cell responses have previously been reported but for which the precise HLA class I-binding sequences have not yet been defined. These results validate and expand the current knowledge of virus-specific antigenic peptide presentation during HIV-1 infection and provide novel targets for T-cell vaccine development. 2015 Article Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación MTM2008-06747-C02-00 Instituto de Salud Carlos III CM08-00020 European Journal of Immunology ; Vol. 46 (november 2015), p. 60-69 open access Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/