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               <dc:title>Unwanted creaniofacial fractures in MARPE/ MASPE patients: a hidden risk?</dc:title>
               <dc:creator>Walter Solana, André</dc:creator>
               <dc:creator>Winsauer, Heinz</dc:creator>
               <dc:creator>Crespo, Eduardo</dc:creator>
               <dc:creator>Arcos, Ignacio</dc:creator>
               <dc:creator>Valls-Ontañón, Adaia</dc:creator>
               <dc:creator>Puigdollers, Andreu</dc:creator>
               <dc:creator>Hernandez Alfaro, Federico</dc:creator>
               <dc:subject>MARPE</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>MASPE</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>SARPE</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>Miniscrews</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>Expansion</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>Cranial fractures</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>Minitornillos</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>Expansión</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>Fracturas craneales</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>Minitorns</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>Expansió</dc:subject>
               <dc:subject>Fractures cranials</dc:subject>
               <dc:description>Background Miniscrew-assisted palatal expansion techniques such as MARPE (Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal&#xd;
Expansion) and MASPE (Miniscrew-Assisted Slow Palatal Expansion) represents non-surgical alternatives for the&#xd;
correction of transverse maxillary deficiencies in adults. However, concerns have arisen regarding their potential to&#xd;
cause craniofacial complications due to the high forces applied for midpalatal suture opening in skeletally mature&#xd;
patients.&#xd;
Methodology This article aims to present and describe isolated clinical cases of cranialfacial complications observed&#xd;
in adult patients following MARPE and MASPE procedures, and to discuss the potential biomechanical mechanisms&#xd;
behind these events. Eleven clinical cases involving adult patients who underwent skeletal midface expansion with&#xd;
miniscrew-assisted devices are presented. All cases exhibited craniofacial unwanted dislocations identified through&#xd;
CBCT imaging, including zygomatic fractures, parasutural bone fractures, and asymmetrical disjunction of craniofacial&#xd;
sutures. These events were retrospectively documented through clinical follow-up and radiographic analysis.&#xd;
Results Among the eleven cases presented, complications included seven asymmetric fractures of the frontonasal&#xd;
process, two orbital fractures, one zygomatic bone fracture, and one parasagittal fracture of the palatine bone. These&#xd;
complications were primarily observed in patients who underwent MARPE with rapid activation protocols. One minor&#xd;
complication occurred in a MASPE case, where the patient followed the prescribed slow activation schedule.&#xd;
Conclusion Non surgical mid facial expansion is a potential source of unwanted and unpredicted dislocations in the&#xd;
craneofacial complex. According to this report the observed complications do not seem to be age related and are&#xd;
difficult to predict from the CBCT. A close clinical follow up including force monitoring and force limitation should&#xd;
be mandatory when performing MARPE. MASPE and minimally invasive SARPE could be alternatives to minimise the&#xd;
incidence of creaniofacial complications</dc:description>
               <dc:date>2025-12-05</dc:date>
               <dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
               <dc:identifier>Walter, Andre;  Winsauer, Heinz; Crespo, Eduardo [et al.]. Unwanted craniofacial fractures in MARPE/ MASPE patients: a hidden risk?. Progress in Orthodontics, 2025, 26(51). Disponible en &lt;https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40510-025-00592-0>. Fecha de acceso: 5 mar. 2026. DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-025-00592-0</dc:identifier>
               <dc:identifier>http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12328/5236</dc:identifier>
               <dc:identifier>https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-025-00592-0</dc:identifier>
               <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
               <dc:relation>Progress in Orthodontics</dc:relation>
               <dc:relation>26;51</dc:relation>
               <dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.</dc:rights>
               <dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights>
               <dc:rights>© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0&#xd;
International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you&#xd;
give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the&#xd;
licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or&#xd;
other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the&#xd;
material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or&#xd;
exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.</dc:rights>
               <dc:publisher>Springer</dc:publisher>
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