2026-04-17T18:46:27Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:20.500.12327/48582025-11-22T18:42:45Zcom_2072_4428com_2072_4427col_2072_487898

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Barreiro Crespo, Lourdes author Sanchez Henao, Julian Andres author Gimeno-Monforte, Sandra author Reverté, Jaume author Campàs, Mònica author García-Altares, María author Tunin-Ley, Alina author Maillot, Fanny author Flores, Cintia author Chomérat, Nicolas author Bilien, Gwenaël author Tsumuraya, Takeshi author Fontanals, Núria author Borrull, Francesc author Turquet, Jean author Diogène, Jorge author Rambla Alegre, Maria author 2025-10-16 Five different species of Gambierdiscus have been identified in La Réunion (G. belizeanus, G. balechii, G. pacificus, G. silvae and G. ribotype 2) by morphological observations in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis. Growth rates of cultures have also been evaluated showing values from 0.09 to 0.36 d-1. The toxicity and toxin profile of thirteen strains have been analysed by a multidisciplinary approach with Neuro-2a cell-based assay (CBA), magnetic bead-based immunoassay, liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and LC coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LCsingle bondHRMS). G. balechii showed the highest toxicity by CBA (∼627 fg equiv. CTX1B·cell -1) followed by G. ribotype 2 (76 to 13 fg equiv. CTX1B·cell -1), G. balechii (63 to 7 fg equiv. CTX1B·cell -1), G. belizeanus (30 to 20 fg equiv. CTX1B·cell -1) and G. pacificus with values close to LOQ but not conclusive. The toxin profile for the 13 strains was evaluated by LC-MS/MS using seven different methods and being gambierone and 44-methylgambierone the two only known compounds, found in high concentrations in all samples. Gambierone was detected from 2.05 pg ·cell-1 in G. balechii (P-0414B) to 12.91 pg·cell-1 in G. balechii (P-0414A) and 44-methylgambierone was detected from 1.93 pg·cell-1 in G. belizeanus (P-0414B) to 14.95 pg·cell-1 in G. pacificus (P-0304). These samples were analysed also by LCsingle bondHRMS, confirming gambierone and 44-methylgambierone the main compounds detected. Additionally, a potential polyether sulphur-containing compound corresponding to the novel molecular formula C62H94O23S ([M+NH4]+, m/z 1256.6234) were tentatively identified. This study combining morphological and molecular data is the first to mention such diversity in the area. It is also the first time that toxicity and toxin profile of Gambierdiscus from La Réunion have been evaluated. Barreiro-Crespo, Lourdes, Andres Sanchez-Henao, Sandra Gimeno-Monforte, Jaume Reverté, Mònica Campàs, María García-Altares, Alina Tunin-Ley, et al. “Identification of Gambierdiscus Species From La Réunion and Evaluation of Toxicity and Toxin Profile.” Harmful Algae 150: 103003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2025.103003. 1568-9883 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/4858 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2025.103003 Identification of Gambierdiscus species from La Réunion and evaluation of toxicity and toxin profile