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oai:recercat.cat:11351/89102025-10-24T10:40:45Zcom_2072_378070com_2072_378040col_2072_378092

Tobacco Smoking and Second-Hand Smoke Exposure Impact on Tuberculosis in Children Altet-Gómez, Neus Jiménez Fuentes, Maria Angeles Soriano-Arandes, Antoni Villar-Hernández, Raquel Milà Augé, Cèlia De Souza Galvao, Maria Luiza Latorre, Irene Institut Català de la Salut [Altet N] Unitat de Tuberculosi, Drassanes-Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Serveis Clínics, Unitat Clínica de Tractament Directament Observat de la Tuberculosi, Barcelona, Spain. [Latorre I, Villar-Hernández R] Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain. [Jiménez-Fuentes MÁ, Soriano-Arandes A, Milà C, de Souza-Galvão ML] Unitat de Tuberculosi, Drassanes-Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus Tuberculosi Tabaquisme passiu en els infants DISEASES::Bacterial Infections and Mycoses::Bacterial Infections::Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections::Actinomycetales Infections::Mycobacterium Infections::Tuberculosis HEALTH CARE::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Air Pollution::Tobacco Smoke Pollution NAMED GROUPS::Persons::Age Groups::Child ENFERMEDADES::infecciones bacterianas y micosis::infecciones bacterianas::infecciones por bacterias grampositivas::infecciones por Actinomycetales::micobacteriosis::tuberculosis ATENCIÓN DE SALUD::ambiente y salud pública::salud pública::contaminación ambiental::contaminación del aire::contaminación por humo de tabaco DENOMINACIONES DE GRUPOS::personas::Grupos de Edad::niño Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Child; Passive smoking Tuberculosis micobacteriana; Niño; Tabaquismo pasivo Tuberculosi micobacteriana; Infant; Tabaquisme passiu Little is known about whether second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure affects tuberculosis (TB). Here, we investigate the association of cigarette smoke exposure with active TB and latent TB infection (LTBI) in children, analyzing Interferon-Gamma Release Assays’ (IGRAs) performance and cytokine immune responses. A total of 616 children from contact-tracing studies were included and classified regarding their smoking habits [unexposed, SHS, or smokers]. Risk factors for positive IGRAs, LTBI, and active TB were defined. GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-22, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-1RA and IP-10 cytokines were detected in a subgroup of patients. Being SHS exposed was associated with a positive IGRA [aOR (95% CI): 8.7 (5.9–12.8)] and was a main factor related with LTBI [aOR (95% CI): 7.57 (4.79–11.94)] and active TB [aOR (95% CI): 3.40 (1.45–7.98)]. Moreover, IGRAs’ sensitivity was reduced in active TB patients exposed to tobacco. IL-22, GM-CSF, IL-5, TNF-α, IP-10, and IL-13 were less secreted in LTBI children exposed to SHS. In conclusion, SHS is associated with LTBI and active TB in children. In addition, false-negative IGRAs obtained on active TB patients exposed to SHS, together with the decrease of specific cytokines released, suggest that tobacco may alter the immune response. This research was supported by: (i) a grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI 13/01546, PI16/01912, and PI18/00411), integrated in the Plan Nacional I+D+I and co-funded by the ISCIII Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya; and (ii) a grant from the Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR; Barcelona, Spain) (Smoking Integrated Research Programme Call). 2023-01-25T07:50:10Z 2023-01-25T07:50:10Z 2022-04-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Altet N, Latorre I, Jiménez-Fuentes MÁ, Soriano-Arandes A, Villar-Hernández R, Milà C, et al. Tobacco Smoking and Second-Hand Smoke Exposure Impact on Tuberculosis in Children. J Clin Med. 2022 Apr 2;11(7):2000. 2077-0383 https://hdl.handle.net/11351/8910 10.3390/jcm11072000 35407608 000781827300001 http://hdl.handle.net/11351/8910 eng Journal of Clinical Medicine;11(7) https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11072000 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess application/pdf MDPI Scientia