2026-04-17T05:46:00Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:11351/110632025-10-24T10:33:07Zcom_2072_378070com_2072_378040col_2072_378092

A New Approach to Staging Diabetic Eye Disease: Staging of Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema Channa, Roomasa Wolf, Risa M. Brigell, Mitchell Fort, Patrice Curcio, Christine Simó Canonge, Rafael Marcadors bioquímics Retinopatia diabètica Edema CHEMICALS AND DRUGS::Biological Factors::Biomarkers DISEASES::Endocrine System Diseases::Diabetes Mellitus::Diabetes Complications::Diabetic Angiopathies::Diabetic Retinopathy DISEASES::Eye Diseases::Retinal Diseases::Retinal Degeneration::Macular Degeneration::Macular Edema COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS::factores biológicos::biomarcadores ENFERMEDADES::enfermedades del sistema endocrino::diabetes mellitus::complicaciones de la diabetes::angiopatías diabéticas::retinopatía diabética ENFERMEDADES::oftalmopatías::enfermedades de la retina::degeneración retiniana::degeneración macular::edema macular Biomarkers; Diabetic retinal disease; Neuro-retinal layers Biomarcadores; Enfermedad de la retina diabética; Capas neurorretinianas Biomarcadors; Malaltia de la retina diabètica; Capes neurorretinàries Topic The goal of this review was to summarize the current level of evidence on biomarkers to quantify diabetic retinal neurodegeneration (DRN) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Clinical relevance With advances in retinal diagnostics, we have more data on patients with diabetes than ever before. However, the staging system for diabetic retinal disease is still based only on color fundus photographs and we do not have clear guidelines on how to incorporate data from the relatively newer modalities into clinical practice. Methods In this review, we use a Delphi process with experts to identify the most promising modalities to identify DRN and DME. These included microperimetry, full-field flash electroretinogram, spectral-domain OCT, adaptive optics, and OCT angiography. We then used a previously published method of determining the evidence level to complete detailed evidence grids for each modality. Results Our results showed that among the modalities evaluated, the level of evidence to quantify DRN and DME was highest for OCT (level 1) and lowest for adaptive optics (level 4). Conclusion For most of the modalities evaluated, prospective studies are needed to elucidate their role in the management and outcomes of diabetic retinal diseases. 2025-10-24T10:33:07Z 2025-10-24T10:33:07Z 2025-10-24T10:33:07Z 2024-02-16T14:02:31Z 2024-02-16T14:02:31Z 2023-10-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/11351/11063 Ophthalmology Science;4(3) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xops.2023.100420 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Elsevier Scientia