2026-04-19T09:23:39Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:11351/110462025-10-24T10:28:01Zcom_2072_378070com_2072_378040col_2072_378092

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Fernández Buihgas, Irene author Rayo Navarro, Maria Nieves author Cuesta Silos, Julia author Ocón Hernández, Olga author Leung, Bo Wah author Serrano, Berta author Silgado, Aroa author 2024-02-14T09:54:05Z 2024-02-14T09:54:05Z 2024-01-18 Anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies; Colostrum; Human breast milk Anticuerpos específicos anti-SARS-CoV-2; Calostro; Leche materna humana Anticossos específics anti-SARS-CoV-2; Calostre; Llet materna humana Background While the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in human breast milk is contentious, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have been consistently detected in human breast milk. However, it is uncertain when and how long the antibodies are present. Methods This was a prospective cohort study including all consecutive pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, recruited at six maternity units in Spain and Hong Kong from March 2020 to March 2021. Colostrum (day of birth until day 4 postpartum) and mature milk (day 7 postpartum until 6 weeks postpartum) were prospectively collected, and paired maternal blood samples were also collected. Colostrum samples were tested with rRT-PCR-SARS-CoV-2, and skimmed acellular milk and maternal sera were tested against SARS-CoV-2 specific immunoglobulin M, A, and G reactive to receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein 1 to determine the presence of immunoglobulins. Then, we examined how each immunoglobulin type in the colostrum was related to the time of infection by logistic regression analysis, the concordance between these immunoglobulins in the colostrum, maternal serum, and mature milk by Cohen's kappa statistic, and the relationship between immunoglobulin levels in mature milk and colostrum with McNemar. Results One hundred eighty-seven pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy or childbirth were recruited and donated the milk and blood samples. No SARS-CoV-2 was found in the human breast milk. Immunoglobulin A, G, and M were present in 129/162 (79·6%), 5/163 (3·1%), and 15/76 (19·7%) colostrum samples and in 17/62 (27·42%), 2/62 (3·23%) and 2/62 (3·23%) mature milk samples, respectively. Immunoglobulin A was the predominant immunoglobulin found in breast milk, and its levels were significantly higher in the colostrum than in the mature milk (p-value < 0.001). We did not find that the presence of immunoglobulins in the colostrum was associated with their presence in maternal, the severity of the disease, or the time when the infection had occurred. Conclusions Since anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are found in the colostrum irrespective of the time of infection during pregnancy, but the virus itself is not detected in human breast milk, our study found no indications to withhold breastfeeding, taking contact precautions when there is active disease. This study was supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III 208 (ISCIII) COV20/00188 and iMaterna Foundation (Fundación para la Investigación y el Desarrollo de la Medicina Materno-Fetal y Neonatal, Registry No: 2148). Perkin Elmer provided the reagents for laboratory testing, and Synlab Diagnósticos Globales provided the instruments and human resources to analyze the samples. The funders had no role in study conception and execution, data collection, analyses of the results, nor in the writing of the manuscript or decision to submit for publication. http://hdl.handle.net/11351/11046 Llet materna COVID-19 (Malaltia) Immunoglobulines Embaràs - Complicacions DISEASES::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections CHEMICALS AND DRUGS::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Blood Proteins::Immunoproteins::Immunoglobulins::Antibodies::Antibodies, Viral DISEASES::Bacterial Infections and Mycoses::Infection::Pregnancy Complications, Infectious PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES::Physiological Phenomena::Diet, Food, and Nutrition::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Phenomena::Diet, Food, and Nutrition::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Phenomena::Diet, Food, and Nutrition::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Breast Feeding ENFERMEDADES::virosis::infecciones por virus ARN::infecciones por Nidovirales::infecciones por Coronaviridae::infecciones por Coronavirus COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS::aminoácidos, péptidos y proteínas::proteínas::proteínas sanguíneas::inmunoproteínas::inmunoglobulinas::anticuerpos::anticuerpos víricos ENFERMEDADES::infecciones bacterianas y micosis::infección::complicaciones infecciosas del embarazo FENÓMENOS Y PROCESOS::fenómenos fisiológicos::dieta, alimentación y nutrición::fenómenos fisiológicos nutricionales::fenómenos fisiológicos::dieta, alimentación y nutrición::fenómenos fisiológicos nutricionales::fenómenos fisiológicos::dieta, alimentación y nutrición::fenómenos fisiológicos nutricionales::lactancia materna Anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in human breast milk following SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy: a prospective cohort study