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oai:recercat.cat:11351/104112025-10-24T08:56:09Zcom_2072_378070com_2072_378040com_2072_378071col_2072_378092col_2072_378097

2025-10-24T08:56:09Z urn:hdl:11351/10411 Prolactin and Growth Hormone Signaling and Interlink Focused on the Mammosomatotroph Paradigm: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature Marazuela, Monica Puig Domingo, Manuel Araujo Castro, Marta Biagetti, Betina Somatotropina Prolactina Tumors neuroendocrins Hipòfisi - Tumors CHEMICALS AND DRUGS::Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists::Hormones::Peptide Hormones::Gonadotropins::Gonadotropins, Pituitary::Prolactin DISEASES::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Histologic Type::Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal::Neuroectodermal Tumors::Neuroendocrine Tumors DISEASES::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Endocrine Gland Neoplasms::Pituitary Neoplasms CHEMICALS AND DRUGS::Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists::Hormones::Peptide Hormones::Pituitary Hormones::Pituitary Hormones, Anterior::Growth Hormone COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS::hormonas, sustitutos de hormonas y antagonistas de hormonas::hormonas::hormonas peptídicas::gonadotropinas::gonadotropinas hipofisarias::prolactina ENFERMEDADES::neoplasias::neoplasias por tipo histológico::neoplasias de células germinales y embrionarias::tumores neuroectodérmicos::tumores neuroendocrinos ENFERMEDADES::neoplasias::neoplasias por localización::neoplasias de las glándulas endocrinas::neoplasias hipofisarias COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS::hormonas, sustitutos de hormonas y antagonistas de hormonas::hormonas::hormonas peptídicas::hormonas hipofisarias::hormonas adenohipofisarias::hormona del crecimiento Acromegaly; Dopamine receptor; Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors Acromegalia; Receptor de dopamina; Tumores neuroendocrinos hipofisarios Acromegàlia; Receptor de dopamina; Tumors neuroendocrins hipofisaris Prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) are peptide hormones that bind to the class 1 cytokine receptor superfamily, a highly conserved cell surface class of receptors. Both hormones control their own secretion via a negative autocrine loop in their own mammosomatotroph, lactotroph or somatotroph. In this regard, GH and PRL are regulated by similar signaling pathways involving cell growth and hormone secretion. Thus, GH and PRL dysregulation and pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) development may have common pathogenic pathways. Based on cell linage, lactotroph and somatotroph PitNETs come from pituitary-specific POU-class homeodomain transcription factor (Pit-1). Mammosomatotroph and plurihormonal PitNETs are a unique subtype of PitNETs that arise from a single-cell population of Pit-1 lineage. In contrast, mixed somatotroph–lactotroph PitNETs are composed of two distinct cell populations: somatotrophs and lactotrophs. Morphologic features that distinguish indolent PitNETs from locally aggressive ones are still unidentified, and no single prognostic parameter can predict tumor aggressiveness or treatment response. In this review, we aim to explore the latest research on lactotroph and somatotroph PitNETs, the molecular mechanisms involved in PRL and GH axis regulation and the signaling pathways involved in their aggressiveness, particularly focused on mammosomatotroph and mixed subtypes. Finally, we summarize epidemiological, clinical, and radiological features of these exceptional tumors. We aim to shed light, from basic to clinical settings, on new perspectives and scientific gaps in this field. This research has been funded by the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN) with the SEEN Foundation Award to the Junior Scholarship Research Project 2022 [Impact of prolactin cosecretion on the expression of molecular markers and in response to treatment with somatostatin analogues and agonists dopaminergic in patients with acromegaly]. 2025-10-24T08:56:09Z 2025-10-24T08:56:09Z 2023-10-05T12:41:23Z 2023-10-05T12:41:23Z 2023-09-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/11351/10411 International Journal of Molecular Sciences;24(18) https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814002 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess MDPI Scientia