2026-04-14T03:42:29Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request
oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/4687392025-10-09T18:16:23Zcom_2072_3622col_2072_479130
RECERCAT author Li, Yan author Cha, Su-Na author Niu, Yan author Wen, Jian-Xun author Zhao, Wen author Yan, Cheng author Zhu, Hong-Zhe author Wang, Ying-Jun author Hai, Ling author Jiang, Ting-Wang author Zhou, Qianghua author Porcel Pérez, José Manuel author Zheng, Wen-Qi author Hu, Zhi-De 2025-10-09T18:16:23Z 2025-10-09T18:16:23Z 2025-08 http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/468739 Background Previous studies have indicated that C-C class chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22) is involved in the pathogenesis of tuberculous pleural effusion and malignant pleural effusion. However, the diagnostic role of pleural fluid CCL22 levels in patients with undiagnosed pleural effusions remains to be elucidated. Methods We prospectively recruited patients with undiagnosed pleural effusion who visited two centres (Hohhot and Changshu) in China. Pleural biopsy, microbiological culture and effusion cytology were used to verify the cause of pleural effusion. Pleural fluid CCL22 levels were measured using an ELISA. The diagnostic accuracy of CCL22 for identifying heart failure (HF) was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the net benefit of CCL22 was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA). Net benefit was defined as the benefit associated with true positives minus the harms associated with false positives at various threshold probabilities. Results We enrolled 153 and 58 patients in the Hohhot and Changshu cohorts, respectively. The cohort included 28 patients with HF and 183 patients with non-HF. Patients with HF had significantly lower pleural fluid CCL22 levels than non-HF patients. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of CCL22 was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.77 to 0.93) in the Hohhot cohort and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.75 to 0.98) in the Changshu cohort. The AUC in the combined cohort was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79 to 0.92), with a sensitivity of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.68 to 0.93) and a specificity of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.67 to 0.79) at the threshold of 150 ng/mL. DCA revealed a potential net benefit of pleural CCL22 determination in patients with undiagnosed pleural effusions. Conclusions Pleural fluid CCL22 may be a potential diagnostic marker for HF-related pleural effusion. Owing to the small sample size of this study, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate our findings. cc-by-nc, (c) Yan Li et al., 2025 Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Pleural fluid C-C class chemokines 22 and pleural effusion due to heart failure: a prospective and double-blind diagnostic accuracy test info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion