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A Review on the Role of Bicarbonate and Proton Transporters during Sperm Capacitation in Mammals Delgado Bermúdez, Ariadna Yeste Oliveras, Marc Bonet, Sergi Pinart Nadal, Elisabeth Mamífers -- Reproducció Mammals -- Reproduction Espermatozoides -- Investigació Spermatozoa -- Research Alkalinization of sperm cytosol is essential for plasma membrane hyperpolarization, hyperactivation of motility, and acrosomal exocytosis during sperm capacitation in mammals. The plasma membrane of sperm cells contains different ion channels implicated in the increase of internal pH (pHi) by favoring either bicarbonate entrance or proton efflux. Bicarbonate transporters belong to the solute carrier families 4 (SLC4) and 26 (SLC26) and are currently grouped into Na+/HCO3− transporters and Cl−/HCO3− exchangers. Na+/HCO3− transporters are reported to be essential for the initial and fast entrance of HCO3− that triggers sperm capacitation, whereas Cl−/HCO3− exchangers are responsible for the sustained HCO3− entrance which orchestrates the sequence of changes associated with sperm capacitation. Proton efflux is required for the fast alkalinization of capacitated sperm cells and the activation of pH-dependent proteins; according to the species, this transport can be mediated by Na+/H+ exchangers (NHE) belonging to the SLC9 family and/or voltage-gated proton channels (HVCN1). Herein, we discuss the involvement of each of these channels in sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (AGL2017-88329-R, PRE2018-083488, and PID2020-113320RB-I00), the Catalan Agency for Management of University and Research Grants, Regional Government of Catalonia, Spain (2017-SGR-1229), and the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Wiley 2022-06-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion peer-reviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/ijms23116333 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1661-6596 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1422-0067 AGL2017-88329-R PID2020-113320RB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AGL2017-88329-R/ES/MEJORA DEL RENDIMIENTO REPRODUCTIVO DEL SEMEN REFRIGERADO Y CONGELADO%2FDESCONGELADO DE PORCINO Y BOVINO MEDIANTE EL USO DE LA FOTOESTIMULACION/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-113320RB-I00/ES/IMPLICACION DE LA FUNCION MITOCONDRIAL EN LA LONGEVIDAD DEL ESPERMATOZOIDE DE ESPECIES DE INTERES PRODUCTIVO Y DISEÑO DE DILUYENTES PARA SU CONSERVACION/ Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022, vol. 23, núm. 11, p. 6333 Articles publicats (D-B)