2026-04-14T02:34:33Zhttps://recercat.cat/oai/request

oai:recercat.cat:10230/446962025-12-18T01:48:59Zcom_2072_6col_2072_452953

urn:hdl:10230/44696 Education and gender differences in mortality rates Bellés-Obrero, Cristina Jiménez-Martín, Sergi Vall-Castelló, Judit minimum working age education mortality gender Labour, Public, Development and Health Economics We examine the gender asymmetries in the health benefits of acquiring further education at a time of increasing gender equality and women s greater access to economic opportunities. A labor market reform in Spain in 1980 raised the minimum legal working age from 14 to 16, while the school-leaving age remained at 14. We apply a difference-in-difference strategy to identify the reform s within-cohort effects, where treated and control individuals differ only in their month of birth. Although the reform improved the educational attainment of both women and men, the long-term effects over mortality differ by gender. We find that the reform decreased mortality at young ages (14-29) by 6.3% among men and by 8.9% among women. This was driven by a decrease (12.2% for men, 14.7% for women) in the probability of dying from external causes of death (accidents). However, we also find that the child labor reform increased mortality for prime-age women (30-45) by 6.3%. This effect is driven by increases in HIV mortality (11.6%), as well as by diseases of the nervous and circulatory system (8.7%). This pattern helps explain the narrowing age gap in life expectancy between women and men in Spain. 2020-05-25T09:26:50Z 2020-05-25T09:26:50Z 2019-06-01 2020-05-25T09:26:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper Economics and Business Working Papers Series; 1660 L'accés als continguts d'aquest document queda condicionat a l'acceptació de les condicions d'ús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess