Los procesos de conformado en caliente de materiales constituyen un paso muy importante en la fabricación de los componentes mecánicos. Durante siglos estos procesos fueron utilizados para dar a los metales la forma deseada. Hoy en día, sin embargo, la deformación en caliente no sólo proporciona la geometría deseada sino las características mecánicas y microestructurales necesarias mediante un adecuado diseño del proceso de termoconformado. En el presente trabajo se presentan, a modo de revisión, las características generales del llamado

The hot working processes constitute an important step in the manufacture of components for engineering applications. In the past, the mechanical processing have been used to impart a shape to the engineering materials. More recently, however, the hot working processes are used not only to achieve the required shape but also to impart desirable mechanical and microstructural characteristics by an adequate design of the thermomechanical process. The aim of the present paper is to summarize the general characteristics of the Dynamic Materials Model. In this model, the workpiece material under hot working conditions is considered to be a dissipator of power. Also, the extreme principies of irreversible thermodynamics applied to large plástic flow are decribed to develop a continuum criterion capable to predict the metallurgical instabilities in a hot worked material.

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