Abstract:
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The presence of virulence factors (VFs) and mechanisms of
quinolones and macrolide resistance was analyzed in
Campylobacter spp. from a pediatric cohort study in Lima. In 149
isolates (39 Campylobacter jejuni and 24 Campylobacter coli from
diarrheic cases; 57 C. jejuni and 29 C. coli from controls), the
presence of the cdtABC and cadF genes and iam marker was
established. Nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and
azithromycin susceptibilities were established in 115 isolates
and tetracycline-susceptibility was established in 100 isolates.
The presence of mutations in the gyrA, parC, and 23S rRNA genes
was determined. The cadF gene and all genes from the cdtABC
operon were significantly more frequent among C. jejuni (P <
0.0001); the iam marker was more frequent in C. coli (P <
0.0001). No differences were observed in VFs between cases and
controls. Almost all isolates were tetracycline-resistant;
nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance reached levels of
90.4% and 88.7%, respectively. Resistance to macrolides was 13%
(C. jejuni 4.3%; C. coli 26.1%). Resistance to ciprofloxacin was
related to GyrA Thr86 substitutions, while 13 of 15
macrolide-resistant isolates possessed a 23S rRNA mutation
(A2075G). Differences in the presence of VFs and alarming levels
of resistance to tested antimicrobial agents were observed among
C. jejuni and C. coli. |